Table 5.
Number and percentage of HIV and hepatitis coinfections among persons with hepatitis B infection and hepatitis C infection, by selected characteristics, 15 US states and two cities, cumulative through 2014
| Characteristica | HBV without HIV diagnosis | HIV/HBV coinfections | HCV without HIV diagnosis | HIV/HCV coinfections |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (column %) | No. (column %) | No. (column %) | No. (column %) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1655 (0.7) | 52 (0.4) | 8440 (0.8) | 294 (0.6) |
| Asianb | 51 190 (20) | 288 (2.0) | 7771 (0.7) | 392 (0.8) |
| Black/African American | 29 378 (11.5) | 7464 (52.9) | 89 531 (8.6) | 19 987 (42.3) |
| Hispanic/Latinoc | 7090 (2.8) | 1931 (13.7) | 46 369 (4.4) | 11 035 (23.4) |
| Multiple races | 3923 (1.5) | 300 (2.1) | 10 612 (1.0) | 1209 (2.6) |
| Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander | 2122 (0.8) | 9 (0.1) | 1012 (0.1) | 17 (0) |
| Unknown | 135 791 (53.1) | 0 (0) | 601 105 (57.5) | 5 (0) |
| White | 24 618 (9.6) | 4073 (28.9) | 280 970 (26.9) | 14 301 (30.3) |
| Age groupd (years) | ||||
| 0–12 | 4318 (1.7) | 19 (0.1) | 4795 (0.5) | 29 (0.1) |
| 13–29 | 58 497 (22.9) | 1657 (11.7) | 117 648 (11.3) | 3006 (6.4) |
| 30–39 | 59 172 (23.1) | 3830 (27.1) | 140 563 (13.4) | 8347 (17.7) |
| 40–49 | 47 965 (18.8) | 5064 (35.9) | 247 300 (23.7) | 17 344 (36.7) |
| 50–64 | 49 176 (19.2) | 3218 (22.8) | 396 480 (37.9) | 17 348 (36.7) |
| ⩾65 | 18 245 (7.1) | 329 (2.3) | 77 640 (7.4) | 1166 (2.5) |
| Unknown | 18 394 (7.2) | 0 (0) | 61 384 (5.9) | 0 (0) |
| Sexe | ||||
| Male | 137 710 (53.8) | 11 769 (83.4) | 639 195 (61.1) | 35 478 (75.1) |
| Female | 112 798 (44.1) | 2348 (16.6) | 393 997 (37.7) | 11 762 (24.9) |
| Unknown | 5259 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 12 618 (1.2) | 0 (0) |
| Sexe and HIV transmission categoryf | ||||
| Male | ||||
| IDU | N/A | 1195 (8.5) | N/A | 12 337 (26.1) |
| Male-to-male sexual contact | N/A | 6827 (48.4) | N/A | 10 966 (23.2) |
| Male-to-male sexual contact and IDU | N/A | 979 (6.9) | N/A | 6283 (13.3) |
| Heterosexual contactg | N/A | 1088 (7.7) | N/A | 2103 (4.5) |
| Other/unknownh | N/A | 1680 (11.9) | N/A | 3789 (8.0) |
| Female | ||||
| IDU | N/A | 602 (4.3) | N/A | 6696 (14.2) |
| Heterosexual contactg | N/A | 1114 (7.9) | N/A | 3220 (6.8) |
| Other/unknownh | N/A | 632 (4.5) | N/A | 1846 (3.9) |
| Timing of coinfection | ||||
| HIV diagnosis year before the year of hepatitis event | N/A | 10 695 (75.8) | N/A | 39 717 (84.1) |
| Same HIV diagnosis year and year of hepatitis event | N/A | 2600 (18.4) | N/A | 5521 (11.7) |
| HIV diagnosis year after year of hepatitis event | N/A | 822 (5.8) | N/A | 2002 (4.2) |
HBV, hepatitis B virus (acute or chronic); HCV, hepatitis C virus (acute or chronic); HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; N/A, not applicable; IDU, injection drug use.
For coinfected cases, information comes first from the HIV surveillance system. If information was missing in the HIV surveillance system, information from the hepatitis surveillance system was used.
Includes persons for whom the surveillance system did not differentiate between Asian and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander.
Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
For hepatitis cases without an HIV diagnosis, based on age at diagnosis of hepatitis. For coinfected cases, based on age at coinfection or second reported virus infection to the health department.
From HIV surveillance system, sex indicates sex at birth. From hepatitis surveillance system, sex might indicate sex at birth, sex at the time of hepatitis event, or current sex at the time the data were extracted.
Data have not been statistically adjusted to account for unknown transmission categories.
Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at high risk for, HIV infection.
Includes haemophilia, blood transfusion, or perinatal exposure and persons with an unknown transmission category.