Table 3.

Differences between tools—degree of residue

Parameter	Mean difference* (95 CI)		t –test P value < 0.05	Limits of agreement (mm)
Degree of neopharynx residue	Thin liquids N = 1	− 10.98 (− 16.90, − 5.05) N/A	0.001  N/A	− 42.09 LL to 20.12 UL N/A
	Puree N = 1	− 20.11 (− 28.67, − 11.55) N/A	0.001  N/A	− 65.03 LL to 24.81 UL N/A
	Soft N = 2	− 14.55 (− 23.74, − 5.36) + 20.5 (60.34) − 521.5 to + 562.6	0.003 0.7	− 62.79 LL to 33.69 UL − 97.8 to + 138.8
	Solid N = 2	− 19.44 (− 29.72, − 9.17) + 35.1 (42.78) − 349.3 to + 419.4	0.001 0.5	34.48 LL to 73.36 UL − 48.7 to + 118.9
Degree of voice prosthesis residue	Thin liquids N = 28	22.03 (13.93, 30.12) + 27.0 (24.48) + 17.5 to + 36.5	0.001 < 0.001	− 20.26 LL to 64.42 UL − 21.0 to + 75.0
	Puree N = 29	0.72 (− 7.51, − 8.95) + 3.8 (25.12) − 5.80 to + 13.31	0.859 0.4	42.48 LL to 43.93 UL − 45.4 to + 53.0
	Soft N = 28	9.11 (− 0.87, 19.1) + 16.5 (28.78) + 5.3 to + 27.6	0.72 0.005	− 43.3 LL to 61.52 UL − 39.9 to + 72.9
	Solid N = 28	5.88 (− 3.46, 15.22) + 8.6 (26.90) − 1.9 to + 19.0	0.21 0.1	− 43.16 LL to 54.92 UL − 44.1 to + 61.3
Degree of esophageal residue	Thin liquids N = 28	18.58 (11.76, 25.39) + 28.6 (22.97) + 19.7 to + 37.5	0.00 < 0.001	− 17.19 LL to 54.36 UL − 16.4 to + 73.6
	Puree N = 29	5.57 (− 72, 11.85) + 10.8 (3.73) + 3.2 to + 18.4	0.81 0.007	− 27.05 LL to 38.19 UL + 3.5 to + 18.1
	Soft N = 27	10.3 (2.32, 18.28) + 18.0 (21.96) + 9.3 to +26.7	0.13 < 0.001	− 31.6 to 52.2 UL − 25 to + 61.0
	Solid N = 29	7.93 (0.14, 15.72) + 10.0 (21.09) + 2.0 to + 18.0	0.046 0.02	32.95 (LL) to 48.81 UL − 31.3 to + 51.3

*Mean difference = mean visual analogue scale measurement for FEES – mean visual analogue scale measurement for VF. Min–Max = 0–100 with a higher score meaning more residue. A positive difference = a higher score from FEES; a negative difference = a higher score from VF

LL lower limit, UL upper limit, VF videofluoroscopy, FEES Fibreoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallow