Fig. 3.

Exosomes significantly enhance HIV-1 entry into a human macrophage cell line. THP2574 cells (1x10⁴ cells/well) were classically differentiated into macrophages with 1 ng/ml phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) for 96 h. Virus was used in THP2574 cells at an MOI of 0.18. Virus entry into THP2574 cells was evaluated in the presence or absence of (A) plasma-derived exosomes, (plasma exo) (B) breast milk-derived exosomes, (BM exo) or (C) 293-derived exosomes (293 exo). Viral entry was also evaluated in the presence of exosomes and anti-CD81 antibody