Table 3.

Measured dimensions of PVP microneedles (mean ± standard deviation, n = 7).

Microneedle geometry	Apex angle (degree, αapex)	Bevel angle (degree, αbevel)	Diameter (μm)			Height (μm)			Volume shrinkage (%)
			Dtip	Dstem	Dbase	Htip	Hstem	Hbase
Circular obelisk	54.69 ± 1.05	88.14 ± 0.61	202.49 ± 4.86	202.49 ± 4.86	426.01 ± 5.88	195.77 ± 2.34	210.94 ± 5.33	61.45 ± 8.42	12.57 ± 4.72
Beveled-circular obelisk	45.84 ± 2.02	83.34 ± 0.72	160.90 ± 9.82	226.08 ± 3.27	430.56 ± 2.56	194.55 ± 3.88	267.21 ± 8.66	60.70 ± 7.83	17.42 ± 6.65