Table 1.

Study 1: descriptive statistics of the study variables.

	M	SD	Skewness	Kurtosis	Cronbach’s alpha	2	3	3a	3b	3c	4	5	6	7
(1) Work-related bullying	1.73	0.69	1.50	3.30	0.74	0.53∗∗	0.47∗∗	0.44∗∗	0.30∗∗	0.41∗∗	0.16∗∗	0.07	0.06	0.37∗∗
(2) Personal bullying	1.30	0.46	2.99	14.80	0.73	-	0.38∗∗	0.36∗∗	0.29∗∗	0.32∗∗	0.15∗∗	0.02	0.05	0.30∗∗
(3) Negative emotions	2.30	0.73	0.75	0.46	0.91		–	0.85∗∗	0.78∗∗	0.90∗∗	0.23∗∗	0.16∗∗	0.20∗∗	0.46∗∗
(3a) Anger	2.52	0.88	0.43	-0.26	0.82			–	0.52∗∗	0.68∗∗	0.16∗∗	0.14∗∗	0.22∗∗	0.37∗∗
(3b) Fear	2.09	0.85	0.72	0.24	0.76				-	0.63∗∗	0.23∗∗	0.10∗	0.06	0.34∗∗
(3c) Sadness	2.15	0.93	0.87	0.50	0.79					–	0.15∗∗	0.12∗	0.17∗∗	0.45∗∗
(4) Moral disengagement	1.33	0.35	2.19	7.24	0.84						–	0.33∗∗	0.30∗∗	0.09
(5) CWB-O	1.33	0.40	2.27	6.88	0.79							–	0.68∗∗	-0.01
(6) CWB-P	1.21	0.35	3.61	18.92	0.86								–	-0.00
(7) Health symptoms	2.73	0.70	-0.31	-0.49	0.82									–

CWB-P, interpersonal counterproductive work behavior; CWB-O, organizational counterproductive work behavior. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01.