Table 1.

Inclusion criteria and rationale for a systematic review of articles on institutionalized racism,^a United States, 2002-2015

Inclusion Criteria	Rationale
The article was indexed in Ovid/MEDLINE and/or PubMed/MEDLINE.	Although public health literature may encompass many journals published outside of these 2 databases, they are the most frequently used databases in the public health field and most comprehensively address the multidisciplinary field of public health research.
The reference contained at least 1 of the primary search terms in the title and/or abstract: institutional racism, institutionalized racism, institutionalised racism, structural racism, systemic racism, or systematic racism.	These terms may be used interchangeably to represent the concept of “institutionalized racism.” Articles must include these terms in the title and/or abstract (and not simply appear anywhere in the article) for 2 reasons: (1) databases do not allow word-searching of the full text, and (2) to capture the most relevant discourse on structural racism, the primary search terms should appear in the title and/or abstract.
The article was published between 2002 and 2015.	The critical article “Confronting Institutionalized Racism” by Jones was published in 2002.17 This search sought to document the concept and measurement of institutionalized racism since that article was published.
The article addressed the US context (ie, was not international focused).	Racism in its multiple forms is an important concept throughout the world, but its meaning and experience are rooted in the societal context in which they arise. This review focused on the US context and, thus, excluded articles with a primary focus that was international.
The article was published in 1 of the 50 highest-impact journals in 6 public health and public health-related categories.	This review was concerned with the discourse in the multidisciplinary field of public health. The 50 highest-impact journals were identified using the impact factors from the 2014 InCites Journal Citation Reports in each of the following categories: (1) health care sciences and services; (2) health policy and services; (3) general and internal medicine; (4) nursing; (5) public, environmental, and occupational health; and (6) social sciences, biomedical.
The article was published in any format (original research, commentary, letter to the editor, theoretical article, or literature review).	This review was concerned with discourse on the concept of institutionalized racism. Commentaries and other non-original research articles were included to give the most complete picture possible of the way the concept was being used, discussed, defined, and measured across the literature.

^aInstitutionalized racism is the macrolevel systems, social forces, institutions, ideologies, and processes that interact with one another to generate and reinforce inequities among racial/ethnic groups.¹³