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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2017 Dec 21;86(2):140–157. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000250

Table 2.

a and b path studies of the MI Technical Hypothesis – Change Talk

a Path b Path
First Author (date) n Session min.a MI type Effect Size (r) Target Behavior Follow-up Time point Effect Size (r)
Apodaca (2013) 195 49.98 MI/BMI alcohol 0-6 mo   .05
 MICO to CT - MI   .59***
 MIIN to CT - MI   .23**
 MICO to CT - MI+SO 167 47.26 MI/BMI   .54*** alcohol 0-6 mo   .11
 MIIN to CT - MI+SO   .22**
Apodaca (2014) 92 53.40 MI/BMI alcohol 0-6 mo −.01
 MICO to CT   .47***
 MIIN to CT   .06
Baer (2008) 51 33.00 MI/BMI — poly-drug 0-6 mo −.03
Barnett (2014)b, c 74 20.55 MI/BMI other drug 7+ mo −.10
 MICO to CT   .56***
 MIIN to CT   .18
Boardman (2006)d 9 30.00 MI/BMI other drug — —
 MICO to CT −.33
 MIIN to CT −.34
 MICO to CT 12 30.00 MI/BMI −.05 nutrition — —
 MIIN to CT   .12
Borsari Site 1 (2015) 91 46.93 BASICS alcohol 0-6 mo   .14
 MICO to CT   .66***
 MIIN to CT   .27*
Borsari Site 2 (2015) 160 52.68 BASICS alcohol 0-6 mo −.07
 MICO to CT   .62***
 MIIN to CT −.21*
Campbell (2010) 28 50.00 MI/BMI — alcohol 0-6 mo −.17
Catley (2006) 86 30.00 MI/BMI other drug — —
 MICO to CT   .69***
 MIIN to CT −.02
D’Amico (2015) 43 55.00 GMI — poly-drug 0-6 mo −.13
Davis (2015)e 19 27.94 MI/BMI other drug 0-6 mo −.19
 MICO to CT - MI   .36
 MIIN to CT - MI −.07
 MICO to CT - MIF 21 24.80 MI/BMI   .75*** other drug 0-6 mo   .05
 MIIN to CT - MIF   .04
Flickinger (2013)e 27 28.04 MI/BMI sex risk — —
 MICO to CT   .83***
 MIIN to CT   .23
Gaume (2008 a, b & 2009)c 97 15.00 MI/BMI alcohol 7+ mo −.07
 MICO to CT   .52***
 MIIN to CT   .05
Gaume (2010 & 2013) 149 25.00 MI/BMI alcohol 0-6 mo −.04
 MICO to CT   .45***
 MIIN to CT −.05
Gaume (2016) 208 25.00 MI/BMI alcohol 0-6 mo   .23**
 MICO to CT   .48***
 MIIN to CT −.07
Hodgins (2009) 40 32.30 MI/BMI — gambling 0-6 mo −.06
Kahler (2016) 90 63.00 MI/BMI alcohol 0-6 mo   .07
 MICO to CT   .55***
 MIIN to CT   .35**
Kaplan (2013)c, e 33 25.20 MI/BMI medication adherence 0-6 mo   .02
 MICO to CT   .11
 MIIN to CT −.20
Lee (2014)f 41 60.00 BASICS alcohol 0-6 mo   .23
 MICO to CT   .64***
 MIIN to CT −.11
Moyers (2009) 118 60.00 MET alcohol 0-6 mo   .04
 MICO to CT   .23*
 MIIN to CT   .06
Neighbors (2012)f 22 60.00 BASICS alcohol 0-6 mo −.17
 MICO to CT   .72***
 MIIN to CT   .08
Pirlott (2012) 43 45.00 MI/BMI nutrition 7+ mo −.33*
 MICO to CT   .61***
 MIIN to CT −.04
Roy-Byrne (2014)f 70 30.00 SBIRT poly-drug 0-6 mo −.10
 MICO to CT   .60***
 MIIN to CT   .05
Shorey (2015) 30 75.00 GMI alcohol — —
 MICO to CT   .70***
 MIIN to CT —
Vader (2010)c 30 45.00 MI/BMI alcohol 0-6 mo −.42*
 MICO to CT - MIF   .61***
 MIIN to CT - MIF   .23
 MICO to CT – MIO 30 45.00 MI/BMI   .50** alcohol 0-6 mo   .21
 MIIN to CT - MIO −.16

Notes.

***

p < .001;

**

p < .005;

*

p < .05;

†

p < .10.

mo = month; wk = week; min = minutes; CT = change talk; MI = motivational interviewing; MICO = MI consistent; MIIN = MI inconsistent; MI+SO = MI with significant-other participation; MIF =MI with feedback; MIO = MI other. Removal of GMI studies did not result in substantive changes to pooled estimates.

a

Session length in minutes based on published report or target session length.

b

Effect sizes based on Barnett marijuana subsample N=74.

c

Trimmed estimate with study removed due to less than fair interrater reliability is (r = .05, 95% CI [−.03, .14]; p = .214, k = 20, Q < .05).

d

Boardman (2006) CT measure is the Vanderbilt Psychotherapy Process Scale (O’Malley et al., 1983) client engagement subscale.

e

Study used a measure other than MISC to code in-session behaviors [e.g. MITI 2.0 (Moyers et al., 2005), 3.0 (Moyers et al., 2007), 3.1.1 (Moyers et al., 2010), PEPA (Mastroleo, 2009)].

f

Included study as part of a larger observational measurement development project (Atkins et al., 2014).