Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analyses for CSS for patients identified in the SEER Program database from 1973 to 2013
| Variables | Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| <40 | 1 | – | ||
| ≥40 | 0.797 (0.525–1.210) | 0.287 | – | – |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 1 | – | ||
| Male | 1.136 (0.752–1.717) | 0.544 | – | – |
| Decade of diagnosis | ||||
| 1970s | 1 | 1 | ||
| 1980s | 0.528 (0.244–1.145) | 0.106 | 0.382(0.168–0.866) | 0.021* |
| 1990s | 0.287 (0.128–0.642) | 0.002** | 0.171(0.069–0.424) | 0.000*** |
| ≥2000s | 0.332 (0.167–0.664) | 0.002** | 0.269(0.128–0.563) | 0.000*** |
| Race | ||||
| White | 1 | – | ||
| Black | 0.928 (0.448–1.921) | 0.840 | – | – |
| Other | 1.277(0.617–2.645) | 0.510 | – | – |
| Location | ||||
| Upper | 1 | 1 | ||
| Lower | 1.912(1.167–3.135) | 0.010* | 1.000(0.586–1.709) | 0.999 |
| Stage | ||||
| Localized | 1 | 1 | ||
| Regional | 2.100(1.193–3.699) | 0.010* | 1.646(0.922–2.938) | 0.092 |
| Distant | 12.902(7.333–22.699) | 0.000*** | 7.040(3.708–13.364) | 0.000*** |
| Unstaged | 3.305(1.612–6.778) | 0.001** | 2.214(0.998–4.910) | 0.050 |
| Tumor grade | ||||
| Low | 1 | 1 | ||
| High | 6.362(3.228–12.538) | 0.000*** | 3.385(1.523–7.523) | 0.003** |
| Unknown | 5.603(2.912–10.782) | 0.000*** | 2.080(0.919–4.709) | 0.079 |
| Tumor type | ||||
| Chondrosarcoma | 1 | 1 | ||
| Osteosarcoma | 2.879(1.667–4.975) | 0.000*** | 1.347(0.726–2.501) | 0.345 |
| Ewing sarcoma | 4.550(2.714–7.626) | 0.000*** | 1.313(0.672–2.567) | 0.425 |
| Surgery | ||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | ||
| No | 3.614(2.332–5.603) | 0.000*** | 1.890(1.133–3.151) | 0.015* |
| Tumor sequence | ||||
| First | 1 | – | – | |
| ≥Second | 0.047(0.000–5.838) | 0.214 | – | |
Note:
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.000.
Abbreviations: CSS, cancer-specific survival; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.