Table 4. Characteristics of the pregnant women according to the score of the Diet Quality Index Adapted for Pregnant Women (IQDAG). Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil, 2012. (n = 785).
| Variable | IQDAG | pa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Tertile (n = 261) | 2nd Tertile (n = 263) | 3rd Tertile (n = 261) | |||
| Score (min.; max.) | (31.8; 65.8) | (66.0; 75.7) | (75.9; 98.6) | ||
| Age in years - average (SD) | 27 (5.1) | 28 (5.3) | 28 (5.9) | 0.01 | |
| Physical activity (min/week) - median (P25; P75) | 40 (0.0; 120.0) | 30 (0.0; 140.0) | 60 (0.0; 140.0) | 0.04 | |
| Education level - n (%) | |||||
| ≤ 3 years | 9 (3.4) | 7 (2.7) | 11 (4.2) | 0.50 | |
| 4-8 years | 88 (34.1) | 74 (28.1) | 79 (30.3) | ||
| ≥ 9 years | 163 (62.5) | 182 (69.2) | 171 (65.5) | ||
| Social class - n (%) | |||||
| A or B | 60 (23.0) | 47 (17.9) | 47 (18.0) | 0.28 | |
| C | 174 (66.7) | 178 (67.7) | 174 (66.7) | ||
| D or E | 27 (10.3) | 38 (14.4) | 40 (15.3) | ||
| Self-reported race - n (%) | |||||
| White | 122 (46.8) | 111 (42.2) | 119 (45.6) | 0.87 | |
| Brown/Mixed | 92 (35.2) | 99 (37.6) | 94 (36.0) | ||
| Other | 47 (18.0) | 53 (20.2) | 48 (18.4) | ||
| Marital Status - n (%) | |||||
| Married | 206 (78.9) | 205 (77.9) | 205 (78.5) | 0.96 | |
| Single/widow or separated | 55 (21.1) | 58 (22.1) | 56 (21.5) | ||
| Smoking - n (%) | |||||
| Never smoked | 202 (77.4) | 210 (79.8) | 212 (81.2) | 0.74 | |
| Quit during pregnancy | 35 (13.4) | 30 (11.4) | 25 (9.6) | ||
| Current smoker | 24 (9.2) | 23 (8.8) | 24 (9.2) | ||
| Use of supplements - n (%) | 120 (46.0) | 161 (61.2) | 214 (82.0) | < 0.001 | |
| Adequacy of BMIb - n (%) | |||||
| Low weight | 7 (2.7) | 13 (4.9) | 11 (4.2) | 0.03 | |
| Adequate | 86 (33.0) | 103 (39.2) | 120 (46.0) | ||
| Overweight | 93 (35.6) | 79 (30.0) | 80 (30.7) | ||
| Obesity | 75 (28.7) | 68 (25.9) | 50 (19.1) | ||
| Self-reported hypertension - n (%) | 26 (10.0) | 18 (6.8) | 32 (12.3) | 0.11 | |
| Gestational diabetesc - n (%) | 43 (16.5) | 47 (17.9) | 49 (18.8) | 0.79 | |
a
p-values obtained by the ANOVA test for continuous variables with normal distribution, Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables without normal distribution, and chi-square test for categorical variables.
b
Classification of current body mass index (BMI) according to gestational week (Atalah 1 , 1997).
c
According to the criteria of the World Health Organization 30 (2014).