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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: React Oxyg Species (Apex). 2016 Mar;1(2):141–156. doi: 10.20455/ros.2016.829

FIGURE 3. Transport of vitamin C and DHA into cells and mitochondria.

FIGURE 3

As illustrated, in extracellular milieu vitamin C is oxidized to DHA, likely due to the presence of transition metal ions, especially copper ions. DHA is reduced to vitamin C by DHAR in the cytosol, and DHA in the mitochondrial matrix is reduced to vitamin C by the electrons derived from the mitochondrial electron transport chain (METC).