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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Mar 3;186:86–93. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.01.008

Table 2.

Adjusted logistic regression of substance use and mental health diagnoses among high-risk diabetes patients: EHR dataa (N = 262).

High-risk diabetes patients (Risk score within the top 10%) Tobacco use disorder Alcohol use disorder Cannabis use disorder Cocaine use disorder Opioid/heroin use disorder Mood disorder Anxiety disorder Sleep disorder
Adjusted odds ratio (AOR)b AOR 95%CI AOR 95%CI AOR 95%CI AOR 95%CI AOR 95%CI AOR 95%CI AOR 95%CI AOR 95%CI
Age group on 01/01/2012
 18–49 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 50–64 0.90 0.50–1.62 2.25 0.89–5.68 0.49 0.16–1.45 0.54 0.24–1.25 1.06 0.38–2.95 0.33 0.17–0.66 0.46 0.23–0.94 1.02 0.52–1.99
 ≥65 0.45 0.16–1.32 0.36 0.03–3.83 ––––c –––––– 0.21 0.02–2.56 0.55 0.07–4.22 0.23 0.07–0.70 0.42 0.12–1.48 1.87 0.60–5.83
Sex
 Male 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Female 0.58 0.34–0.98 0.14 0.05–0.38 1.17 0.39–3.45 0.62 0.28–1.37 0.75 0.30–1.85 2.53 1.44–4.45 5.54 2.85–10.79 1.53 0.86–2.71
Race/Ethnicity
 Non-Hispanic African American 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Other/unknown 0.75 0.40–1.39 0.67 0.25–1.80 0.43 0.09–2.04 0.50 0.18–1.41 2.04 0.78–5.37 1.66 0.85–3.25 2.25 1.10–4.60 1.09 0.55–2.14
Employment
 Disabled 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Retired 0.66 0.27–1.59 0.77 0.17–3.50 0.66 0.20–2.10 0.35 0.06–2.15 0.92 0.21–4.02 0.98 0.39–2.43 0.55 0.20–1.54 0.89 0.35–2.26
 Other/unknown 0.93 0.49–1.74 1.76 0.68–4.58 ––––d ––––– 1.00 0.41–2.44 0.77 0.25–2.32 0.80 0.40–1.60 0.64 0.30–1.34 1.23 0.61–2.48
Marital status
 Never Married 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Married/cohabited 1.06 0.55–2.06 0.27 0.09–0.84 0.11 0.01–0.92 0.60 0.21–1.70 0.99 0.32–3.06 0.72 0.34–1.50 1.42 0.64–3.15 1.45 0.70–3.01
 Divorced/widowed/separated 1.02 0.54–1.92 0.40 0.14–1.12 0.18 0.04–0.92 1.10 0.43–2.81 1.04 0.34–3.12 0.97 0.49–1.92 1.03 0.49–2.18 1.27 0.63–2.54
a

Based on electronic health record (EHR) data collected between 01/01/2012 and 06/30/2016. One patient with unknown marital status was excluded from the analysis.

b

Each logistic regression model-controlled variables listed in the first column and log base 10 of the total number of overall encounters (ambulatory, emergency department, inpatient, and other encounters).

c

Age groups 50–64 and ≥65 years were combined into one category due to a small sample size.

d

Retired and other/unknown employment statuses were combined into one category due to a small sample size.

AOR: Adjusted odds ratio. CI: Confidence interval. Bold face: p < 0.05.