Table 1.
Sample Characteristics
| N (%) | |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Female | 97 (42.4) |
| Male | 132 (57.6) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 10 (4.4) |
| Race | |
| White | 132 (57.6) |
| Black/African American | 89 (38.9) |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 8 (3.5) |
| Education | |
| Did not graduate high school | 53 (23.1) |
| High school graduate | 82 (35.8) |
| Some college | 53 (23.1) |
| Technical school or Associates degree | 27 (11.8) |
| Four-year college degree | 7 (3.1) |
| Some school beyond 4-year college | 6 (2.6) |
| Professional degree | 1 (0.4) |
| Income | |
| < 10,000/year | 91 (39.7) |
| 10,000–19,999/year | 41 (17.9) |
| 20,000–29,999/year | 38 (16.6) |
| 30,000–39,999/year | 17 (7.4) |
| 40,000–49,999/year | 10 (4.4) |
| 50,000–59,999/year | 15 (6.6) |
| ≥ 60,000/year | 17 (7.4) |
| M (SD) | |
| Age | 41.60 (12.41) |
| Cigarettes per day | 21.95 (12.94) |
| Smoking Dependence Severity1 | 3.78 (1.34) |
| Time Since Last Cigarette in Minutes | 23.90 (26.33) |
| Pain Intensity2 | 1.77 (2.41) |
| Negative Affect 3 | 16.88 (7.37) |
| Pain Catastrophizing4 | 17.90 (12.62) |
| Urge to Smoke Total Score5 | 39.29 (16.25) |
| Negative Affect Relief Factor | 16.23 (8.52) |
Note. 0 = Female, 1 = Male;
1
Heaviness of Smoking Index;
2
Numerical Rating Scale;
3
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule – Negative Affect subscale;
4
Pain Catastrophizing Scale;
5
Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges.