Table 1.
Sample Descriptives and Demographics.
| Demographics/descriptives | Construct assessed | M(SD) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex (% male) | 53.1 | |
| Race (%) | ||
| African American | 44.2 | |
| Other | 55.8 | |
| Ethnicity (%) | ||
| African American and Hispanic | 14.5 | |
| Other and Hispanic | 95.0 | |
| Age (years) | 11.74(2.11) | |
| PPVT SS | Vocabulary | 97.56(14.99) |
| CTOPP Phonological Awareness SS | Phon. processing | 94.05(13.96) |
| WJ-III Word Attack SS | Phon. decoding | 94.75 (11.01) |
| WJ-III Letter-Word ID SS | Word reading | 95.77(13.77) |
| WJ-III Basic Reading Skills SS | Word decoding | 95.07(12.84) |
| RAN Letter Naming SS | Rapid naming | 101.77(13.84) |
| RAN 2-Set Switching | Switching | 101.25(14.05) |
| TOWRE Total Word Reading Efficiency SS | Fluency | 92.69(16.10) |
| SRI Word Reading Accuracy ScS | Contextual word reading | 7.11 (4.17) |
| SRI Passage Comprehension ScS | Comprehension | 7.69 (4.03) |
| WISC-IV Digit Span ScS | Working memory | 8.94 (2.83) |
| WISC-IV Matrix Reasoning ScS | Problem solving | 9.49 (2.84) |
| WISC-IV Processing Speed SS | Processing speed | 93.21 (14.11) |
Note. CTOPP = Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing; Phon. = phonological; PPVT = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (4th ed.); RAN = Rapid Automatized Naming; ScS = scaled score; SRI = Standardized Reading Inventory; SS = standard score; TOWRE = Test of Word Reading Efficiency; WISC-IV = Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (4th ed.); WJ-III = Woodcock–Johnson Test of Achievement (3rd ed.).