Table 6.

Multivariable-adjusted outcomes, Ethicon powered vascular stapler (PVS) and Medtronic manual post hoc subanalysis (years 2015 and 2016 only)

Outcome	Adjusted outcomesa		P	% difference (powered − manual) (%)
	PVS staplers, n = 258	Medtronic manual staplers, n = 793
Hospital LOS	4.99	5.82	0.047	− 14.3
Total hospital costs	$23,219	$25,207	0.242	− 7.9
Supply cost	$4693	$5728	0.063	− 18.1
Room and board cost	$6714	$7955	0.065	− 15.6
Operating room cost	$7294	$6752	0.349	8.0
Discharge to non-homeb	9.7%	7.3%	0.497	32.5
Operating room timec	285	299	0.477	− 4.5
In-hospital complications
Bleeding/transfusion	4.8%	14.2%	0.010	− 65.9
Transfusion	3.0%	9.4%	0.023a	− 68.4
APHA	3.2%	6.5%	0.249	− 51.0
Air leak complicationsd	20.9%	26.2%	0.255	− 20.4
Pneumonia	0.9%	2.7%	0.202	− 68.0
Infection	1.2%	2.9%	0.303	− 58.3
All-cause readmissione
≤ 30 days	Model would not converge
≤ 60 days	3.7%	6.3%	0.401	− 40.9
≤ 90 days	3.7%	8.5%	0.210	− 56.2

APHA acute posthemorrhagic anemia, LOS length of stay

^aRecycled prediction method; The following outcome models had questionable fit due to estimated G matrix not positive definite: discharge to non-home; all-cause readmission at 30, 60, and 90 days; transfusion; air leak complications; pneumonia; infection

^bDischarge to a non-home setting (e.g., skilled nursing facility, intermediate care facility) vs. discharge to home with or without home healthcare

^cIn minutes; n with operating room time data = 156 PVS; 2190 Medtronic manual; operating room time values trimmed to fall between 30 min and 24 h

^dComposite of air leak and/or pneumothorax

^e30-, 60-, and 90-day all-cause readmissions to the hospital in which the VATS lobectomy procedure was performed; N with hospital-level follow-up data for at least 30 days = 229 PVS; 2279 Medtronic manual; for at least 60 days = 203 PVS; 2210 Medtronic manual; for at least 90 days = 214 PVS; 2144 Medtronic manual