Table 4. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for metabolic syndrome and individual components according to egg consumption frequency.

Metabolic syndrome
Frequency	Number	Cases	Age, sex-adjusted OR	Multivariate1) OR
≤1/mon	3,790	1,369	Reference	Reference
>1/mon - <1/wk	2,786	852	0.98 (0.88-1.10)	1.01 (0.89-1.14)
1/wk	4,710	1,178	0.94 (0.85-1.04)	0.98 (0.87-1.09)
2-3/wk	7,998	1,666	0.89 (0.81-0.98)	0.94 (0.84-1.04)
4-6/wk	2,869	464	0.76 (0.67-0.87)	0.82 (0.71-0.95)
1/d	1,731	270	0.71 (0.60-0.82)	0.83 (0.69-0.99)
≥2/d	109	19	0.97 (0.57-1.64)	0.97 (0.55-1.72)
	p-value for trend		0.171	0.439
Abdominal obesity
Frequency	Number	Cases	Age, sex-adjusted OR	Multivariate OR
≤1/mon	3,790	1,339	Reference	Reference
>1/mon – <1/wk	2,786	873	0.97 (0.88-1.08)	1.01 (0.87-1.19)
1/wk	4,710	1,276	0.92 (0.83-1.01)	0.92 (0.80-1.06)
2-3/wk	7,998	2,005	0.92 (0.85-1.01)	0.96 (0.84-1.10)
4-6/wk	2,869	661	0.91 (0.81-1.02)	1.03 (0.86-1.22)
1/d	1,731	330	0.70 (0.61-0.81)	0.77 (0.63-0.96)
≥2/d	109	32	1.40 (0.91-2.15)	1.56 (0.84-2.91)
	p-value for trend		0.897	0.462
High blood pressure
Frequency	Number	Cases	Age, sex-adjusted OR	Multivariate OR
≤1/mon	3,790	2,121	Reference	Reference
>1/mon – <1/wk	2,786	1,379	1.04 (0.93-1.16)	1.05 (0.94-1.18)
1/wk	4,710	1,918	0.94 (0.86-1.04)	0.98 (0.89-1.09)
2-3/wk	7,998	2,819	0.94 (0.86-1.03)	0.99 (0.90-1.09)
4-6/wk	2,869	824	0.86 (0.76-0.97)	0.95 (0.84-1.08)
1/d	1,731	477	0.77 (0.67-0.88)	0.88 (0.76-1.03)
≥2/d	109	28	0.84 (0.52-1.38)	0.86 (0.52-1.43)
	p-value for trend		0.114	0.354
Hyperglyceridemia
Frequency	Number	Cases	Age, sex-adjusted OR	Multivariate OR
≤1/mon	3,790	1,406	Reference	Reference
>1/mon – <1/wk	2,786	908	0.98 (0.88-1.09)	0.99 (0.89-1.11)
1/wk	4,710	1,348	0.98 (0.89-1.08)	0.98 (0.89-1.09)
2-3/wk	7,998	2,002	0.96 (0.88-1.05)	0.97 (0.88-1.07)
4-6/wk	2,869	553	0.80 (0.70-0.90)	0.82 (0.72-0.93)
1/d	1,731	347	0.81 (0.70-0.94)	0.87 (0.75-1.02)
≥2/d	109	25	1.11 (0.69-1.79)	1.12 (0.69-1.83)
	p-value for trend		0.630	0.842
Hypertriglyceridemia
Frequency	Number	Cases	Age, sex-adjusted OR	Multivariate OR
≤1/mon	3,790	1,048	Reference	Reference
>1/mon – <1/wk	2,786	702	0.97 (0.86-1.09)	0.98 (0.87-1.10)
1/wk	4,710	1,045	0.90 (0.82-1.00)	0.94 (0.85-1.05)
2-3/wk	7,998	1,578	0.86 (0.78-0.94)	0.89 (0.81-0.99)
4-6/wk	2,869	479	0.77 (0.68-0.88)	0.83 (0.73-0.95)
1/d	1,731	298	0.79 (0.68-0.91)	0.89 (0.76-1.04)
≥2/d	109	25	1.20 (0.76-1.91)	1.22 (0.75-1.97)
	p-value for trend		0.686	0.915
Low HDL- cholesterolemia
Frequency	Number	Cases	Age, sex-adjusted OR	Multivariate OR
≤1/mon	3,790	1,769	Reference	Reference
>1/mon – <1/wk	2,786	1,119	0.89 (0.81-0.99)	0.90 (0.81-1.00)
1/wk	4,710	1,680	0.84 (0.77-0.93)	0.89 (0.79-1.02)
2-3/wk	7,998	2,674	0.82 (0.76-0.90)	0.86 (0.79-0.95)
4-6/wk	2,869	891	0.76 (0.68-0.85)	0.79 (0.71-0.89)
1/d	1,731	550	0.79 (0.70-0.90)	0.83 (0.73-0.95)
≥2/d	109	35	0.91 (0.60-1.38)	0.83 (0.54-1.29)
	p-value for trend		0.080	0.078

¹⁾ Multivariate models were adjusted for age (continuous), sex (male or female), BMI (body mass index, continuous), energy intake (continuous), alcohol intake(non-drinker, less than once a month, over once a month-less than heavy drinker, and heavy drinkers), smoking (non-smoker, past smoker, current smoker (<1 pack per day), or current smoker (≥1 pack per day) smoker), physical activity (no exercise, regular walks, regular moderate activity, or regular vigorous activity), education (elementary school, middle school, high school, and college or higher degree), income (four categories on the basis of the equivalized income), chronic disease status (Those who were diagnosed with or taking medicine for diseases such as diabetes, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, chronic renal failure, and cancers, yes or no) menopausal status (women only, yes or no), and survey year (2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011).

HDL, high-density lipoprotein.