Table 1.

Essential elements of quality healthcare (adapted from Scott and Jha⁷)

Domain	Subcategorisation	Example measures
Safety	Adverse events—eg, due to medical devices or medicines, including substandard and falsified medicines	Rate of prescriptions above the maximum daily dose
		Rate of infection or foreign objects left during surgical procedures
	Healthcare acquired conditions
		Cases of hospital acquired pneumonia among inpatients
Effectiveness	Timely and accurate diagnosis	Rate of correct diagnosis of cervical cancer
	Evidence based treatment, including appropriate follow-up and management	Rate of appropriate treatment for patients presenting with childhood diarrhoea
		Rate of glycaemic control among patients diagnosed with diabetes
Patient centredness	Patient experience	Rate of patients who would recommend their provider to a family or friend
	Patient reported outcomes	Patients reporting adequate or high functional status after surgery