Table 5.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Illness in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Unexposed and HIV-Exposed Infants
| Characteristic | RSV Illness (n = 114) |
No RSV Illness (n = 1935) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-unexposed infants | |||
| Hospitalized for LRTI within 15 d of viral detection | 11 (9.7) | 41 (2.1)a | <.001 |
| Deaths | 0 | 36 (1.9) | .26 |
| Presented with LRTIb | 19/108 (17.6) | 245/3063 (8.0) | <.001 |
| HIV-exposed infants | (n = 16) | (n = 172) | |
| Hospitalized for LRTI within 15 d of viral detection | 3 (18.8) | 11 (6.4)a | .10 |
| Deaths | 1 (6.3)c | 13 (7.6) | .99 |
| Presented with LRTIb | 2/17 (11.8) | 35/324 (10.8) | .90 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.
aAll infants who did not have an RSV episode were included.
bBased on the number of samples available for testing.
cSixteen-day-old girl visited the study clinic 4 days before death with cough, blocked nose, and noisy breathing; she was found to have coryza, with no signs of sepsis or respiratory distress, sent home on antibiotics, deteriorated at home, and was dead on arrival at hospital.