Table 1. . Phenotypic and genomic characteristics of nitrofurantoin resistance mechanisms of the Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.
| Isolate (clone) | MIC (mg/l) | Year isolated | Specimen type (ward) | Plasmid-/chromosomal-mediated oqxA/B | Chromosomal mutations | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nsfA | nsfB | ribE | |||||
| Klebsiella pneumoniae† | |||||||
| 53_S27 (ST101) | 128 | 2013 | Urine (ICU) | oqxA, oqxB | R203C | R207L | R58H, D203E |
| 52_S26 (ST101) | 128 | 2013 | Pus (surgical) | oqxA, oqxB | |||
| 47_S22 (ST1478) | 128 | 2013 | Arterial line (ICU) | oqxA, oqxB | R59Q, T117I, E144A, R180H, E191D | G25S, V167I | R58H, M204V, A206S, V78I |
| 38_S19 (ST101) | 256 | X‡ | X (ICU) | oqxB | R203C | R207L | R58H, D203E |
| 36_S18 (ST101) | 256 | 2013 | Sputum | oqxB | |||
| 35_S17(ST101) | 256 | 2013 | Urine (ICU) | oqxB | |||
| 34_S16(ST101) | 256 | 2013 | Pus swab (Trachea) | oqxB | |||
| 32_S15(ST101) | 256 | 2013 | Catheter tip (ICU) | oqxB | |||
| 30_S14(ST101) | 256 | 2013 | Urine (ICU) | oqxB | |||
| 29_S13(ST2017) | 256 | 2012 | Abdominal swab (ICU) | oqxB | |||
| 21_S12(ST2017) | 128 | 2012 | Urine (ICU) | oqxA, oqxB | |||
| 20_S11(ST2017) | 256 | 2013 | Tracheal fluid (ICU) | oqxA, oqxB | |||
| 18_S10(ST101) | 256 | 2013 | Urine (neuronal) | oqxB | |||
| 15_S8(ST101) | 512 | 2013 | Pus swab (leg) (neuronal) | oqxB | |||
| 13_S6 (ST2016) | 256 | X | X (ICU) | oqxB | |||
| 12_S5(ST101) | 256 | 2013 | Blood culture (ICU) | oqxB | |||
| 3_S2(ST14) | 64 | X | Urine (surgical) | oqxB, oqxA | NM§ | NM | D203E |
| I(UNN45_S9) (ST323) | 64 | X | Urine (ICU) | oqxB, oqxA | |||
| J(UNN46_S10(ST101)) | 512 | X | X | oqxB | R203C | R207L | R58H, D203E |
| D(UNN40_S4) (ST101) | 256 | X | Urine (ICU) | oqxB, oqxA | |||
| C(UNN39_S3) (ST101) | 256 | X | Urine (surgical) | oqxA, oqxB | |||
† K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883 (PRJNA244567) was used as a reference strain in the comparative genome analysis
‡Missing data.
§No unique mutation recorded in the conserved region of the gene.
ICU: Intensive care unit; MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration; NM: No mutation.