Table 1.

Participant characteristics from all sound production treatment studies.

Primary study	Original participant no.	Meta-analysis participant no.	Age (years)	Sex	MPO	Etiology	AOS severity	WAB AQ	Aphasia type
Wambaugh, Kalinyak-Fliszar, et al. (1998)	P1	1	53	M	20	CVA	Moderate	30.0	Broca's
	P2	2	52	M	33	CVA	Severe	29.3	Broca's
	P3	3	63	M	67	CVA	Moderate	31.2	Broca's
Wambaugh, West, et al. (1998)	P1	4	49	F	61	CVA	Mild to moderate	75.5	Broca's
Wambaugh & Cort (1998)	P1	5	58	M	26	CVA	Moderate to severe	34.0	Broca's
Wambaugh et al. (1999)	P1	6	62	M	8	CVA	Moderate	51.0	Broca's
Wambaugh (2004)	P1	7	54	M	70	CVA	Moderate to severe	37.1	Broca's
	P2	8	48	F	50	CVA	Mild to moderate	63.4	Broca's
Wambaugh & Nessler (2004)	P1	9	66	M	48	CVA	Moderate to severe	70.0	Broca's
Wambaugh & Mauszycki (2010)	P1	10	55	M	24	CVA	Severe	14.8	Broca's
Wambaugh et al. (2013)	P1	11	51	M	231	CVA	Mild to moderate	65.1	Broca's
	P2	12	50	F	61	CVA	Moderate	51.8	Broca's
	P3	13	34	M	26	CVA	Moderate to severe	26.7	Broca's
	P4	14	53	M	232	CVA	Moderate	61.0	Broca's
Wambaugh et al. (2014)	P1	15	55	M	64	CVA	Moderate	68.9	Broca's
	P2	16	46	M	87	CVA	Moderate to severe	53.4	Broca's
	P3	17	55	M	86	CVA	Moderate to severe	34.5	Broca's
	P4	18	71	M	58	CVA	Severe	28.7	Broca's
	P5	19	51	F	83	CVA	Moderate	56.4	Broca's
	P6	20	58	M	28	CVA	Moderate to severe	48.2	Broca's
Wambaugh et al. (in press)	P1	21	83	F	48	CVA	Mild to moderate	60.9	Broca's
	P2	22	46	F	17	CVA	Mild	52.9	Broca's
	P3	23	37	M	34	CVA	Mild to moderate	65.4	Broca's
	P4	24	55	M	259	CVA	Mild to moderate	59.9	Broca's

Note. MPO = months postonset of stroke; AOS = apraxia of speech; WAB AQ = Western Aphasia Battery Aphasia Quotient; M = male; CVA = cerebrovascular accident; F = female.