Table 3.
Impact of Visible Burrow System and Chronic Variable Stress on Extra-Hippocampal Gene/Protein Expression
| Dom | Sub | NRS | CVS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene Expression | ||||
| Medial Prefrontal Cortex | ||||
| GAD67 | - | ↑ | - | ↑ |
| Orexin-1 Receptor | ↑ | - | - | n.d. |
| Orexin-2 Receptor | - | - | - | n.d. |
| Amygdala: Central n. | ||||
| CRH | - | ↑ | ↑ | - |
| GAD65 | - | - | n.d. | - |
| GAD67 | - | - | n.d. | - |
| NPY | - | - | ↑ | - |
| Amygdala: Medial n. | ||||
| AVP | ↓ | ↓ | n.d. | |
| GAD65 | - | - | n.d. | - |
| GAD67 | - | - | n.d. | - |
| NPY | - | ↑ | ↑ | - |
| Amygdala: Basolateral n. | ||||
| NPY | - | - | ↑ | - |
| Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis | ||||
| CRH (Oval) | - | ↑ | n.d. | - |
| GAD67 (Oval) | - | - | n.d. | - |
| BDNF (Oval) | - | ↑ | n.d. | - |
| CRH (Fusiform) | - | - | - | - |
| GAD65 (Principle) | - | - | n.d. | - |
| GAD67 (Principle) | - | - | n.d. | - |
| GAD65 (Intrafascicular) | ↓ | ↓ | n.d. | -1 |
| GAD67 (Intrafascicular) | ↓ | - | n.d. | - |
| GAD65 (Anterior) | - | - | - | ↑ |
| GAD67 (Anterior) | - | - | - | ↑ |
| Hypothalamus: PVN | ||||
| CRH | - | -,↑1 | ↓ | ↑ |
| AVP | - | - | - | ↑ |
| Hypothalamus: periPVN | ||||
| GAD65 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | ↑ |
| GAD67 | ↓ | - | n.d. | - |
| Hypothalamus: Arcuate n. | - | |||
| NPY | ↑ | ↑ | n.d. | ↑ |
| POMC | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | ↓ |
| Hypothalamus: Dorsomedial n. | ||||
| GAD65 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | ↑ |
| GAD67 | - | ↑2 | n.d. | - |
| NPY | - | - | n.d. | n.d. |
| Hypothalamus: Preoptic Area | ||||
| GAD65 (medial preoptic n) | - | - | n.d. | ↑ |
| Locus Coeruleus | ||||
| Galanin | - | ↑ | n.d. | |
| Tyrosine Hydroxylase (mRNA) | - | ↑ | ↑ | - |
| Tyrosine Hydroxylase (protein) | - | ↑ | ↑ | - |
↑ = increased expression; ↓ = decreased expression; - = no change from control; n.d. = not determined
1
= # detectable CRH neurons increased relative to controls; no change in cellular expression level relative to controls [14].
2
= increased relative to dominant only.