Table 2.
Craving as measured by the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire (MCQ).
| Outcome | Treatment condition | Treatment Difference | Effect Size† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Sham rTMS | Active rTMS | |||
| Baseline craving prior to rTMS* | ||||
| MCQ Total Score | 43.5 (37.4,49.6) | 41.9 (35.8,47.9) | −1.7 (−6.6,3.3) | 0.15 |
| Emotionality | 10.4 (8.0,12.7) | 10.1 (7.7,12.4) | −0.3 (−2.1,1.5) | 0.08 |
| Purposefulness | 14.3 (12.1,16.6) | 13.6 (11.4,15.9) | −0.7 (−3.2,1.8) | 0.17 |
| Compulsion | 5.0 (3.8,6.3) | 4.7 (3.4,5.9) | −0.4 (−1.5,0.7) | 0.16 |
| Expectancy | 13.7 (11.6,15.9) | 13.5 (11.4,15.6) | −0.2 (−2.0,1.6) | 0.05 |
| Analytic model results** | ||||
| Neutral cue during rTMS | ||||
| MCQ Total Score | 40.1 (36.2,44.0) | 40.1 (36.2,43.9) | 0.0 (−3.2,3.2) | 0.00 |
| Emotionality | 9.7 (8.2,11.2) | 10.2 (8.7,11.7) | 0.5 (−1.0,2.0) | 0.16 |
| Purposefulness | 12.8 (11.2,14.4) | 11.7 (10.2,13.3) | −1.1 (−2.5,0.4) | 0.38 |
| Compulsion | 5.0 (4.0,6.0) | 5.5 (4.5,6.5) | 0.5 (−0.3,1.4) | 0.31 |
| Expectancy | 12.7 (11.4,13.9) | 12.4 (11.2,13.7) | −0.2 (−1.6,1.1) | 0.08 |
| Active cue during rTMS | ||||
| MCQ Total Score | 43.5 (39.6,47.3) | 45.4 (41.6,49.3) | 2.0 (−1.8,5.7) | 0.27 |
| Emotionality | 10.5 (9.0,12.0) | 11.3 (9.8,12.8) | 0.8 (−0.7,2.2) | 0.27 |
| Purposefulness | 14.1 (12.5,15.7) | 13.4 (11.9,15.0) | −0.6 (−2.1,0.8) | 0.22 |
| Compulsion | 6.0 (5.0,7.0) | 6.9 (5.9,7.9) | 0.9 (0.0,1.7) | 0.49 |
| Expectancy | 13.0 (11.7,14.2) | 13.7 (12.4,14.9) | 0.7 (−0.6,2.2) | 0.26 |
| Immediately following rTMS | ||||
| MCQ Total Score | 39.2 (35.3,43.1) | 40.9 (37.0,44.7) | 1.7 (−2.1,5.4) | 0.22 |
| Emotionality | 9.2 (7.7,10.7) | 9.6 (8.1,11.1) | 0.4 (−1.2,1.9) | 0.12 |
| Purposefulness | 12.5 (10.9,14.1) | 13.1 (11.5,14.6) | 0.6 (−0.9,2.0) | 0.19 |
| Compulsion | 5.4 (4.4,6.4) | 5.4 (4.4,6.4) | 0.0 (−0.8,0.9) | 0.03 |
| Expectancy | 12.2 (10.9,13.4) | 12.6 (11.4,14.0) | 0.5 (−0.9,1.8) | 0.17 |
| 15 Minutes following rTMS | ||||
| MCQ total score | 40.4 (36.5,44.3) | 38.6 (34.7,42.5) | −1.8 (−5.6,2.1) | 0.23 |
| Emotionality | 9.5 (8.0,11.0) | 9.0 (7.5,10.5) | −0.5 (−2.1,1.0) | 0.17 |
| Purposefulness | 13.7 (12.1,15.3) | 12.0 (10.4,13.6) | −1.7 (−3.2, −0.2) | 0.63 |
| Compulsion | 5.4 (4.3,6.4) | 4.8 (3.8,5.8) | −0.6 (−1.5,0.4) | 0.31 |
| Expectancy | 11.9 (10.6,13.2) | 12.7 (11.4,14.0) | 0.8 (−0.6,2.2) | 0.28 |
Note.
*
Baseline results are adjusted for rTMS treatment, study day, and treatment order.
**
Results obtained from the analytic models are adjusted for the main effect of rTMS treatment, time, their interaction, study day, treatment order, as well as the time-varying baseline craving measures taken prior to each condition.