Table 2.

Estimated beta coefficients of the covariates in the generalized estimating equation multivariate model for the primary outcome of total hospital cost by age group of admission.

Covariate	0–1 days of age	p value	2–7 days of age	p-value	8–14 days of age	p-value	>15 days of age	p-value
Male gender	0.04	0.04	0.09	0.01	0.1	0.02	0.2	0.003
Race		<0.001		0.6		0.7		0.5
Non-Hispanic black	0.2	<0.001	0.08	0.2	−0.04	0.7	0.2	0.1
Hispanic	0.05	0.2	0.006	0.9	−0.08	0.3	−0.09	0.5
Non-Hispanic white	ref		ref		ref		ref
Asian	−0.02	0.9	0.09	0.6	0.3	0.3	−0.2	0.6
Missing or other	0.08	0.003	−0.03	0.5	0.01	0.9	0.009	0.9
Payor		0.04		0.004		<0.01		0.7
Private	−0.06	0.01	−0.08	0.06	−0.2	0.003	−0.09	0.4
Government	ref		ref		ref		ref
Other	−0.03	0.03	−0.2	0.002	−0.1	0.1	−0.06	0.6
Admission year		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		0.07
2003	ref		ref		ref		ref
2004	−0.2	0.05	−0.5	0.08	−0.7	0.05	−0.9	0.3
2005	−0.3	0.006	−0.5	0.05	−0.6	0.08	−0.9	0.2
2006	−0.2	0.08	−0.5	0.08	−0.5	0.2	−0.6	0.4
2007	−0.2	0.2	−0.4	0.1	−0.6	0.09	−0.8	0.3
2008	−0.2	0.2	−0.6	0.05	−0.6	0.07	−1	0.2
2009	−0.09	0.5	−0.5	0.08	−0.5	0.2	−0.9	0.3
2010	0.05	0.7	0.4	0.2	−0.3	0.3	−0.8	0.3
2011	0.06	0.6	−0.1	0.6	−0.2	0.6	−0.7	0.4
2012	0.2	0.1	−0.2	0.5	−0.2	0.6	−0.5	0.5
2013	0.1	0.3	−0.2	0.4	−0.3	0.4	−0.5	0.5
Prostaglandin use	−0.08	0.005	0.05	0.2	0.08	0.2	0.05	0.5
RACHS-1 score	0.1	<0.001	0.2	<0.001	0.3	<0.01	0.4	<0.001
Prematurity	0.1	0.004	0.1	0.06	0.4	0.002	0.3	0.2
Low birth weight	0.2	<0.001	0.2	0.03	−0.07	0.6	−0.07	0.7
Other genetic or major non-cardiac defect	0.4	<0.001	0.4	<0.001	0.4	<0.01	0.40	.001
Heterotaxy syndrome	0.2	<0.001	0.09	0.4	0.04	0.8	0.1	0.7
Center volume		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		0.03
Lowest tertile, <50 cases/ yr	ref		ref		ref		ref
Middle tertile, 50–75 cases/yr	0.1	0.2	0.03	0.7	0.08	0.5	0.009	0.9
Highest tertile, > 75 cases/ yr	−0.4	<0.001	−0.4	<0.001	−0.4	0.001	−0.4	0.02