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. 2018 May 16;11:2891–2899. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S165840

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© 2018 Wang et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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BCG and anti-PD-L1 combination therapy elevated the number and activity of tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells in the orthotopic rat BCa model.

Notes: (A) Left panel: representative histograms obtained by flow cytometry showing the fluorescence intensity of CD8⁺ T cells. Right panel: quantitative data of tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells from different groups is shown. (B) Left panel: representative images showing immunostaining for granzyme B (brown staining) in tumors from different groups. Right panel: quantification of the percentage of granzyme B positive cells on tumor sections. (C) Representative data showed the percentage of CD8⁺ T cells producing granzyme B, IFN-γ and TNF-α from different groups by flow cytometry. (D) Serum IFN-γ level from different groups, given by ELISA assay. *P<0.001; **P<0.01.

Abbreviations: BCa, bladder cancer; BCG, Bacillus Calmette–Guérin; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1.