Table 2.
“Hybrid” Multilevel Models Testing the Respective Within- and Between-Person Relations Between Children’s Child Care Experiences, Cumulative Risk, and Cortisol Levels Between 7 and 24 Months of Age
| Variable | A | B |
|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | ||
| CC Hours (WP) | 0.00 | −0.001 |
| CC Qual (WP) | −0.058 | −0.055 |
| CC Type (WP) | −0.033 | −0.023 |
| CC PeerNum (WP) | 0.013 | 0.012 |
| Sample ToD (WP) | −0.06*** | −0.060 |
| Level 2 | ||
| Intercept | −1.89*** | −1.90*** |
| C Risk (BP) | 0.002 | 0.03 |
| CC Hours (BP) | −0.002 | −0.002 |
| CC Qual (BP) | −0.061 | −0.074 |
| CC Type (BP) | 0.264** | 0.227* |
| CC PeerNum (BP) | −0.025 | −0.029** |
| CC Type( BP) × C Risk( BP) | −0.17* | |
| CC Hours (WP) × C Risk | 0.000 | |
| C Risk (BP) × CC Hours (WP) | 0.006 | |
| Age | −0.10** | −0.10** |
| C Risk (BP) × age | 0.076 | 0.072 |
| CC Hours (BP) × age | 0.005* | 0.005* |
| CC Qual. (BP) × age | 0.099 | 0.098 |
| CC Type (BP) × age | −0.219* | −0.215* |
| CC PeerNum (BP) × age | 0.014 | 0.014 |
| C Risk (BP) × CC Hours (WP) × age | −0.011** | |
| Control covariates | ||
| Mean sample ToD | −0.013 | −0.013 |
| C. temperament | 0.040*** | 0.004 |
| C. African American | 0.215*** | 0.227*** |
| C. NC | −0.052 | −0.054 |
| C. male | 0.052 | 0.042 |
| M. literacy | −0.006 | −0.005 |
| M. age at child’s birth | 0.577* | 0.591* |
| M. education | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| M. in school | −0.010 | −0.004 |
| M. work hours | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Mean sample ToD × age | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| C. temperament × age | −0.348 | −0.343 |
| C. African American × age | −0.043 | −0.045 |
| C. NC × age | −0.030 | −0.028 |
| Male × age | −0.031 | −0.031 |
| M. literacy × age | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| M. age at child’s birth × age | −0.764** | −0.786** |
| M. education × age | −0.055 | −0.056 |
| M. in school × age | −0.006 | −0.007 |
| M. work hours × age | −0.01 | −0.019 |
| Residual variances | ||
| Level 1 | 0.522 | 0.522 |
| Level 2 | 0.045 | 0.041 |
| Model fit: Deviance | 54,498.73 | 54,482.57 |
Note. N = 1,155. All covariates other than temperament (7 months) were measured at 2 months of age. CC Hours = weekly child care hours; WP = within-child variation, person-mean centered; CC Qual = child care quality; CC Type = attends center-based care = 1; CC PeerNum = number of peer in child care; C Risk = cumulative risk; BP = between-child variation, grand-mean centered; ToD = time of day of saliva sample; C. = child, M. mother; NC = North Carolina (0 = Pennsylvania); education = years of education; In school = in school (0–1); work hours = number of hours employed per week.
p < .05.
p < . 01.
p < .001.