Table 2.
Risk of developing more aggressive IBD at follow-up
| Depressed with Crohn’s disease RR (95% CI) |
Depressed with ulcerative colitis RR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Relapse by disease activity index a | 2.3 (1.9–2.8) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) |
| New biologic prescription | 1.8 (1.4–2.3) | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) |
| New steroid prescription | 1.8 (1.1–3.2) | 1.8 (0.9–3.8) |
| Hospitalization | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) |
| IBD-related surgery | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 1.8 (1.2–2.6) |
Risk of developing more aggressive IBD at follow-up, adjusting for sex, remission status, and disease activity, for those who were depressed based on Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-8 score at baseline.
CI, confidence interval; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; RR, risk ratio.
Depression is defined as a PHQ-8 score of ≥5.
a
Modified Harvey-Bradshaw Index ≥5 for Crohn’s disease and Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index >2 for ulcerative colitis, for those with lower scores at baseline.