Table 1.
Showing a list of important biomarkers identified in Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and prion Diseases (adapted from Basak et al., 2016 with minor modifications).
| Disease | Source/number of +samples | Differentially expressed miRNAs | Method | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parkinson’s disease | Blood 32 | miR-126-3p, miR-126-5p, miR-147, miR-151-5p, miR-151-3p, miR-199a-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-19b, miR-26a, miR-28-5p, miR-29b, miR-29c, miR-301a, miR-30b, miR-30c, miR-335, miR-374a, miR-374b | Microarray, ChIP-seq | Martins et al., 2011 |
| Peripheral blood, plasma 15, 32, 42, 31 | Blood-miR-1, miR-16-2-3p, miR-22-5p, mir-26a-2-3p, miR-29a, miR-30a Plasma-miR-1826, miR-450b-3p, miR-626, miR-505, miR-181c, miR-331-5p, miR-193a-p, miR-196b, miR-454, miR-125a-3p, miR-137 | TaqMan low-density arrays, TaqMan assay, qRT-PCR, microarray | Khoo et al., 2011; Margis et al., 2011; Cardo et al., 2013 | |
| Serum 25 | miR-339-5p, miR-223-5p, miR-324-3p, miR-24, miR-30c, miR-148b | TaqMan low-density arrays, TaqMan assay | Vallelunga et al., 2014 | |
| Serum 21 | miR-338-3p, miR-30e-3p, miR-30a-3p, miR-16-2-3p, miR-1294 | TruSeq small RNA sequencing | Lukiw, 2007 | |
| White blood cells 8 | miR-320a/b/c, miR-769, miR-92b, miR-16, miR-199b, miR-1274b, miR-21, miR-150, miR-671, miR-1249, miR-20a, miR-18b, miR-378c, miR-4293 | Small RNA sequencing (ABI SOLiD) | Miller et al., 2013 | |
| CSF 21 | miR-132-5p, miR-19a-3p, miR-19b-3p, miR-127-3p, miR-409-3p, miR-370, miR431-3p, miR-873-3p, miR-136-3p, miR-10a-5p, miR-1224-5, miR-4448, let-7 g-3p, miR-128, miR-433, miR-485-5p, miR-212-3p | TruSeq small RNA sequencing, | Lukiw, 2007 | |
| Brain 11 | miR-34b, miR-34c | Microarray, qRT-PCR | Minones-Moyano et al., 2011 | |
| Brain 3 | miR-133b | qRT-PCR, northern blot analysis, luciferase assay | Kim J. et al., 2007 | |
| Substantia nigra pars Compacta, 31 | miR-198, miR-135b, miR-485-5p, miR-548d | TaqMan low-density arrays, TaqMan assay | Cardo et al., 2014 | |
| Substantia nigra pars Compacta, 76 | miR-26b, miR-106a, miR-301b, miR-21, miR-224, miR-373 | qRT-PCR | Alvarez-Erviti et al., 2013 | |
| Amygdala 43 | miR-224, miR-373 | qRT-PCR | Alvarez-Erviti et al., 2013 | |
| Alzheimer’s disease | Blood 32, 10 | miR-34a, miR-181b | Microarray, qRT-PCR | Schipper et al., 2007 |
| Blood 7 | miR-137, miR-181c, miR-9, miR-29a, miR29b, | qRT-PCR | Geekiyanage et al., 2012 | |
| Peripheral Blood 215 | miR-112, miR-161, let-7d-3p, miR-5010-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-1285-5p, miR-151a-3p, miR-103a-3p, miR-107, miR-532-5p, miR-26b-5p, let-7f-5p | Next generation sequencing, qRT-PCR | Leidinger et al., 2013 | |
| Plasma 31 | let-7d-5p, let-7 g-5p, miR-15b-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-191-5p, miR-301a-3p, miR-545-3p | Nanostring, qRT-PCR | Kumar et al., 2013 | |
| Serum 7 | miR-137, miR-181c, miR-9, miR-29a, miR29b | qRT-PCR | Geekiyanage et al., 2012 | |
| Serum 21 | miR-125a-3p, miR-125b-1-3p, miR-127-3p, miR-1285, miR-135a-5p, miR-30c-2-3p, miR- 21-5p, miR-219-2-3p, miR-34c-5p, miR-34b-3p, miR-34b-5p, miR-22-5p, miR-375, miR-873, miR-1307-5p, miR-887, miR-182-5p, miR-184, miR-671, miR-3176 | TruSeq small RNA sequencing, | Lukiw, 2007 | |
| Brain, CSF 27, 20 | miR-105, miR-10a, miR-10b, miR-143, miR-142-5p, miR-146b, miR-151, miR-125a, miR-126, miR-126, miR-127, miR-135a, miR-138, miR141, miR-181a, miR-181c, miR-15b, miR-154, miR-186, miR-191, miR-194, miR-195, miR-197, miR-199a, miR-204, miR-205, miR-214, miR-216, miR-221 ,miR-302b, miR-30a-3p, miR-30a-5p, miR-30b/c/d, miR-32, miR-99a, miR-501, miR-517a/b, miR-518b/f, miR-520a, miR-526a, miR-338, miR345, miR-362, miR-371, miR-374, miR-375, miR-380-3p, miR-422b, miR-429, miR-448, miR449, miR-451, miR-455, miR-494, miR-497, miR-7f | qRT-PCR | Cogswell et al., 2008 | |
| CSF 6 | miR-9, miR-125b, miR-146a, miR-155 | Microarray | Alexandrov et al., 2012 | |
| CSF 21 | miR-10a-5p, miR-33b-5pmiR-101-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-127-3p, miR-127-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-129-5p, miR-134, miR-136-3p, miR-136-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-139-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-181a-3p, miR-181b-5p, miR-181d, miR-184, miR-218-5p, miR-323a-3p, miR-326, miR-329, miR-377-5p, miR-381, miR-410, miR-431-3p, miR-433, miR-488-3p, miR-495, miR-708-5p, miR- 769-5p, miR-874, miR-9-3p, miR-9-5p, miR-95, miR-598, miR-760, miR-708-3p, miR-873-5p, miR-3200-3p | TruSeq small RNA sequencing, | Lukiw, 2007 | |
| Brain 27 | miR-125b, miR-106b, miR-107, miR-124, miR-132, miR-145, miR-146b, miR-148a, miR-17-5p | qRT-PCR | Cogswell et al., 2008 | |
| Cortex 7 | miR-137, miR-181c, miR-9, miR-29a, miR29b | qRT-PCR | Geekiyanage and Chan, 2011 | |
| Cortex 10 | miR-212, miR-424, miR-29a, miR-29b-1, miR-107, miR-15a | LNA-microarrays, northern blot analysis | Wang et al., 2011 | |
| Cortex 34 | miR-210, miR-320, miR-29a, miR-29b-1, miR-106b, miR-15a, miR-181c, miR-9, miR-22, miR-101, miR-197, miR-511, miR-19b, miR-26b, miR-363, miR-93, let-7i | Microarray, qRT-PCR, northern blot analysis | Hébert et al., 2008 | |
| Cortex 21 | miR-29a, miR29b, miR-338-3p | Microarray, qRT-PCR | Shioya et al., 2010 | |
| Cortex 21 | miR-101, miR-106b, miR-107, miR-125b, miR-137, miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-145, miR-151-5p, miR-15a, miR-181c, miR-184, miR-185, miR-194, miR-197, miR-19b, miR-210, miR-212, miR-214, miR-219-2-3p, miR-22, miR-223, miR-26b, miR-27b, miR-298, miR-29a, miR-29a/b-1, miR-29b-1, miR-300, miR-301a, miR-320, miR-326, miR-330-5p, miR-338-3p, miR-338-5p, miR-361-3p, miR-363, miR-382, miR | Microarray, qRT-PCR | Shioya et al., 2010 | |
| Prion Diseases | Brain 6 | miR-342-3p, miR-320, let-7b, miR-328, miR-191, let-7d, miR-370, miR-128, miR-139-5p, miR-146a, miR-339-5p, miR-203, miR-181a-1∗, miR-338-3p, miR-337-3p, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-26a, miR-186, miR-331-3p, miR-152, miR-221 | Microarray, qRT-PCR | Saba et al., 2008 |
| Brain 6 | miR-26a, miR-30a-5p, miR-30d, miR-103, miR-106b, miR-107, miR-124a, miR-125a, miR-128a, miR-132, miR-143, miR-145, miR-181a, miR-191, miR-195, miR-219, miR-320, miR-342-3p, miR-361, miR-490, miR-494 | TaqMan low-density arrays, TaqMan assay | Montag et al., 2009 | |
| Exosomes GT1-7 Cells | miR-126-3p, miR-134, miR-146a, miR-182, miR-186, miR-188-5p, miR-193b, miR-222, miR-296-3p, miR-29b, miR-380-5p, miR-424 | qRT-PCR (TLDA cards) | Bellingham et al., 2012 | |
| Exosomes GOTH-7 Cells | Let-7b, let-7i, miR-103, miR-125a-5p, miR-125b, miR-130a, miR-130b, miR-16, miR-21, miR-23a, miR-23b, miR-24, miR-296-6p, miR-29a, miR-29b, miR-29c, miR-301a, miR-30b, miR-30c, miR-342-3p, miR-344-4p, miR-378, miR-93 | RNA sequencing | Bellingham et al., 2012 |