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. 2018 May 15;9:637. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00637

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Copyright © 2018 Huang, Zhang and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of high-light treatments on light response changes in Y(II) (A,D), NPQ (B,E), and qL (C,F). Y(II), effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry; NPQ, non-photochemical quenching in PSII; qL, fraction of open PSII reaction centers. Calculations of NPQ and qL were based on values of F_o and F_m measured before and after treatment. Values are means ± SE (n = 5). Asterisks indicate significant differences after high-light treatments.