Mean (± SEM) total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol concentrations and the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol (total:HDL) during the 4-wk barley β-glucan (•) and control (○) treatments in 18 mildly hyperlipidemic men. There was no significant main effect of treatment (diet; ANOVA) for total (P = 0.25), LDL (P = 0.37), or HDL (P = 0.34) cholesterol or total:HDL (P = 0.88) or treatment × time interaction (diet × time; ANOVA) for total (P = 0.24), LDL (P = 0.44), or HDL (P = 0.37) cholesterol or total:HDL (P = 0.92). *Significantly different from control treatment, P < 0.01.