TABLE 3.
Composition of the diet during the treatment (barley β-glucan supplement) and control (glucose) arms of the trial as calculated and as measured by direct chemical analyses of a 7-d duplicate diet collected during the trial from a subset of 4 subjects1
| β-Glucan treatment | Glucose control treatment | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| EI, calculated (MJ/d)2 | 14.7 ± 0.13 | 14.4 ± 0.1 | 0.3 |
| Protein (% of energy) | |||
| Calculated2 | 13 | 13 | 0 |
| Measured4 | 12.1 ± 0.4 | 12.3 ± 0.5 | −0.2 |
| Carbohydrate (% of energy) | |||
| Calculated2 | 49 | 49 | 0 |
| Measured4 | 53.9 ± 2.3 | 54.5 ± 1.0 | −0.6 |
| Soluble fiber (g/d) | |||
| Calculated2 | NA | NA | 9.95 |
| Measured4,6 | 20.7 ± 4.86 | 14.0 ± 1.1 | 6.77 |
| Insoluble fiber (g/d) | |||
| Calculated2 | NA5 | NA5 | 05 |
| Measured4,6 | 15.8 ± 3.46 | 15.2 ± 1.9 | 0.6 |
| Total fiber (g/d) | |||
| Calculated2 | 37.0 | 27.0 | 10.0 |
| Measured4,6 | 35.8 ± 4.86 | 28.7 ± 2.6 | 7.17 |
| Fat (% of energy) | |||
| Calculated2 | 38 | 38 | 0 |
| Measured4 | 34.0 ± 2.0 | 33.2 ± 1.4 | 0.8 |
| SFA, measured (% of energy)4 | 15.2 ± 2.4 | 14.0 ± 0.9 | 1.2 |
| MUFA, measured (% of energy)4 | 12.5 ± 0.9 | 12.3 ± 0.3 | 0.2 |
| PUFA, measured (% of energy)4 | 6.3 ± 1.7 | 6.9 ± 0.4 | −0.6 |
| Cholesterol, measured (mg/d)4 | 236 ± 43 | 237 ± 47 | −1 |
EI, energy intake; NA, not available; SFA, saturated fatty acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid.
Calculated from FOODWORKS.
x̄ ± SD.
Chemical analyses of duplicate diets for 4 subjects, adjusted for an average intake of 14.7 MJ/d on the treatment arm and 14.4 MJ/d on the control arm.
Represents added fiber.
Measured soluble-fiber and total-fiber contents of the diet were significantly higher during β-glucan supplementation (paired t test), P < 0.001.
Calculated by the method of Englyst et al (39).