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Effect of ICV injection of leptin on autophagy in chicken tissues. Protein levels of autophagy-related markers (Atg3, Atg5, Atg7, beclin1, and LC3B) in hypothalamus (A), liver (D), and muscle (G) were determined by Western blot and their relative expression was presented as normalized ratio to housekeeping actin protein (B,E,H). Their mRNA abundances were measured by qPCR (C,F,I). Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 10/group). *Indicates significant difference at P < 0.05.
