Table 2.
Odds ratios for lung cancer risk according to the quartiles of serum 25(OH)D concentrations
| Serum 25(OH)D | N (cases) |
N (controls) |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
P-trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All lung cancer1 | ||||||
| Quartile 14 (Ref.) | 64 | 73 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.85 | |
| Quartile 2 | 74 | 75 | 1.13 (0.40-1.81) | 1.11 (0.65-1.88) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 84 | 75 | 1.27 (0.81-2.00) | 1.15 (0.69-1.90) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 76 | 75 | 1.16 (0.72-1.87) | 1.06 (0.61-1.84) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Non-small-cell lung cancer2,3 | ||||||
| Quartile 1 (Ref.) | 43 | 73 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.78 | |
| Quartile 2 | 49 | 75 | 1.11 (0.66-1.87) | 1.07 (0.61-1.88) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 54 | 75 | 1.22 (0.73-2.04) | 1.05 (0.60-1.85) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 45 | 75 | 1.02 (0.60-1.73) | 0.94 (0.52-1.69) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Adenocarcinoma2 | ||||||
| Quartile 1 (Ref.) | 39 | 73 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.81 | |
| Quartile 2 | 42 | 75 | 1.05 (0.61-1.80) | 0.98 (0.55-1.76) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 50 | 75 | 1.25 (0.74-2.12) | 1.05 (0.58-1.88) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 39 | 75 | 0.97 (0.56-1.68) | 0.91 (0.49-1.68) | ||
N, number of participants; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval
1
Odds ratios were estimated by conditional logistic regression models, adjusted for race/ethnicity, BMI, CaD Trial allocations, serum retinol concentrations, and season of blood draw.
2
Odds ratios were estimated by unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for the covariates and matching factors (age and CT/OS status).
3
Non-small cell lung cancer included adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
4
Serum 25(OH)D concentrations cutoffs were Q1: <33.9, Q2: 33.9-<45.3, Q3: 45.3-<58.9, Q4: ≥58.9 nmol/L.