Table 3.
Associations of serum 25(OH)D concentrations, categorized as pre-defined clinical cutoffs, with lung cancer risk
| Serum 25(OH)D, nmol/L | N (cases) |
N (controls) |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
P-trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All lung cancer1 | ||||||
| <30 (Ref.) | 43 | 55 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.91 | |
| 30- <50 | 120 | 121 | 1.31 (0.82-2.09) | 1.22 (0.72-2.05) | ||
| 50- <75 | 121 | 102 | 1.57 (0.96-2.57) | 1.34 (0.77-2.35) | ||
| ≥75 | 14 | 20 | 0.86 (0.38-1.90) | 0.76 (0.31-1.84) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Non-small-cell lung cancer2,3 | ||||||
| <30 (Ref.) | 31 | 55 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.69 | |
| 30- <50 | 79 | 121 | 1.16 (0.69-1.96) | 0.99 (0.56-1.76) | ||
| 50- <75 | 72 | 102 | 1.25 (0.73-2.14) | 1.01 (0.55-1.87) | ||
| ≥75 | 9 | 20 | 0.80 (0.32-1.97) | 0.71 (0.27-1.86) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Adenocarcinoma2 | ||||||
| <30 (Ref.) | 28 | 55 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.88 | |
| 30- <50 | 69 | 121 | 1.12 (0.65-1.93) | 0.92 (0.51-1.67) | ||
| 50- <75 | 64 | 102 | 1.23 (0.71-2.14) | 0.99 (0.53-1.86) | ||
| ≥75 | 9 | 20 | 0.88 (0.36-2.19) | 0.81 (0.31-2.14) | ||
N, number of participants; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval
1
Odds ratios were estimated by conditional logistic regression models, adjusted for race/ethnicity, BMI, CaD Trial allocations, and serum retinol concentrations, and season of blood draw.
2
Odds ratios were estimated by unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for the covariates and matching factors (age and CT/OS status).
3
Non-small cell lung cancer included adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.