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. 2018 May 8;9(35):24041–24053. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.25275

Figure 4. Vascular-associated mural cells (VAMCs)/pericytes are the source of SLUG and TWIST in human astrocytomas.

Figure 4

(A, B) Double immunhistochemistry for markers (red) of the different vascular layers such as endothelial cells (left; CD31), VAMCs/pericytes (middle; αSMA) and the basement membrane (right; collagen IV) in combination with (A) SLUG (brown) and (B) TWIST indicating EMT factor expression restricted to VAMCs/pericytes in human glioblastomas. (C) Immunofluorescence staining of SLUG (green) and CD31 (left), αSMA (middle) and collagen IV (right, all coloured in red) in human glioblastoma. A DAPI/ To-Pro 3 mix was used for nuclear counterstain (blue). (D) Graphical scheme of the different markers for distinct vascular layers: epithelial cells (ECs) and vascular associated mural cells (VAMCs) surrounded by basement membrane constituents.