Skip to main content
. 2018 May 16;9:1060. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01060

Figure 3.

Figure 3

CD28 costimulation increases cytokine release from T helper 1 cells in vitro. (A) Isolated CD4+CD25− T cells of OT-II Thy1.1+/+ mice were co-cultured with T cell-depleted splenocytes under Th1 conditions for 6 days and afterward reactivated under Th2, Th0, or Th1 conditions for additional 4 days in the presence and absence of OVA peptide and E18-Fab fragment. (B) Interferon γ concentrations in supernatants 4 days after restimulation under Th0 (left graph), Th1, or Th2 conditions (both right graph) in the presence or absence of E18-Fab and up to 0.1 µM (left) or 1 µM ovalbumin (OVA) peptide (right). (C) IL-5 concentrations in supernatants 4 days after restimulation with 1 µM OVA peptide under Th1 or Th2 conditions and in the presence or absence of E18-Fab. Graphs show mean + SD of triplicate cultures from one experiment. The results are representative of two to five independent experiments and were tested with a two-tailed unpaired t-test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001).