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. 2018 May 16;9:745. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00745

Table 4.

Results of the Pretest MANOVAs, of Pretest-Posttest MANCOVAs, and Effect Size (η2) in all grouped variables, between experimental and control groups.

Pretest MANOVA & Effect Size Pretest-Posttest MANCOVA & Effect Size
Λ F p η2 r Λ F p η2 r
SCREENING. Bullying & Cyberbullying 0.852 4.87 <0.001 0.148 0.38 0.834 5.58 <0.001 0.087 0.29
CUVE-R. School Violence 0.798 7.12 <0.001 0.202 0.44 0.664 12.09 <0.001 0.336 0.57
CAPI-A. Aggressiveness 0.936 5.90 <0.01 0.064 0.25 0.859 13.99 <0.001 0.141 0.37
AECS. Social Behavior 0.957 0.91 >0.05 0.043 0.20 0.847 3.45 <0.05 0.153 0.39
CONFLICTALK. Conflict Resolution 0.972 1.62 >0.05 0.028 0.16 0.849 9.87 <0.001 0.151 0.38

Λ, Wilks' Lambda; η2, Eta squared effect size.