Table 3.
Adjustment of suicide odds ratios for (a) pre-existing mental illness, and (b) pre-existing mental illness, calendar year and social deprivation (as well as patient age and sex): for physical illnesses associated with high suicide risks in England or Wales
| Physical illness | % of cases with recorded pre-existing mental illness | Models 1 (adjusted for patient age and sex) Odds ratio (95% CI) | Models 2 (adjusted for pre-existing mental illness, age and sex) Odds ratio (95% CI) | % reduction in suicide odds ratio (models 2 v. 1) | Models 3 (adjusted for pre-existing mental illness, year, social deprivation, age and sex) Odds ratio (95% CI) | % reduction in suicide odds ratio (models 3 v. 1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| England | ||||||
| Hypoglycaemia | 11.5 | 2.27 (1.28–4.00) | 2.07 (1.17–3.65) | 8.8 | 2.11 (1.20–3.73) | 7.0 |
| Hypo-osmolality & hyponatraemia | 18.6 | 3.42 (1.83–6.37) | 2.50 (1.34–4.66) | 26.9 | 2.52 (1.32–4.70) | 26.3 |
| Parkinson's disease | 12.4 | 3.53 (1.83–6.82) | 2.82 (1.40–5.66) | 20.1 | 2.41 (1.15–5.07) | 31.7 |
| Epilepsy | 27.5 | 1.78 (1.24–2.56) | 1.23 (0.86–1.77) | 30.9 | 1.15 (0.79–1.67) | 35.4 |
| Gastritis | 17.1 | 2.63 (1.86–3.71) | 2.07 (1.46–2.94) | 21.3 | 2.04 (1.43–2.91) | 22.4 |
| Alcoholic liver disease | 66.6 | 2.67 (1.72–4.16) | 1.19 (0.76–1.87) | 55.4 | 1.16 (0.74–1.81) | 56.6 |
| Other liver disease | 15.3 | 3.20 (1.86–5.53) | 2.55 (1.45–4.51) | 20.3 | 2.38 (1.31–4.31) | 25.6 |
| Chronic pancreatitis | 43.3 | 4.56 (2.64–7.89) | 2.60 (1.50–4.51) | 43.0 | 2.59 (1.50–4.49) | 43.2 |
| Upper gastrointestinal bleeding | 18.8 | 2.11 (1.60–2.79) | 1.60 (1.21–2.12) | 24.2 | 1.56 (1.17–2.07) | 26.1 |
| Constipation | 9.2 | 2.48 (1.83–3.36) | 2.43 (1.79–3.29) | 2.0 | 2.47 (1.83–3.35) | 0.4 |
| Wales | ||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 10.3 | 2.68 (1.10–6.58) | 2.39 (0.97–5.87) | 10.8 | 2.44 (1.00–6.00) | 9.0 |
| Gastritis | 13.9 | 2.39 (0.76–7.51) | 1.81 (0.57–5.71) | 24.2 | 1.87 (0.59–5.90) | 21.8 |
| Upper gastrointestinal bleeding | 17.6 | 2.31 (0.85–6.26) | 1.51 (0.55–4.13) | 34.6 | 1.17 (0.37–3.71) | 49.4 |
| Constipation | 8.2 | 4.15 (1.83–9.44) | 4.07 (1.79–9.27) | 1.9 | 4.11 (1.80–9.43) | 0.9 |
| Pneumonia | 10.5 | 1.74 (0.85–3.58) | 1.53 (0.75–3.14) | 12.1 | 1.54 (0.75–3.16) | 11.5 |
| Back pain | 5.4 | 1.93 (0.71–5.23) | 2.25 (0.83–6.11) | −16.6 | 2.35 (0.85–6.26) | −21.8 |
| Urinary tract infections | 7.4 | 2.00 (0.93–4.32) | 1.97 (0.91–4.26) | 1.5 | 1.97 (0.91–4.28) | 1.5 |