FIG 4.

RALDH2 expression and ALDH activity are increased in CD11b⁺ CD103⁺ DCs from anti-TNF-treated, H. capsulatum-infected mice. Mice were infected with 2 × 10⁶ H. capsulatum yeasts i.n. and treated with anti-TNF or isotype control antibody. Lungs were harvested at days 1 and 3 p.i. (A) Protein concentrations were determined in lung homogenates by ELISA. The data represent means and SEM (n = 8 mice/group; representative of the results of two experiments) (B) CD11c⁺ CD11b⁺ MHC-II⁺ CD103⁺ DCs were assessed by FACS from day 3 p.i. lungs, and RNA was extracted. TGF-β gene expression was assessed by qRT-PCR. (C and D) CD11c⁺ CD11b⁺ MHC-II⁺ DCs (C) or CD11c⁺ CD11b⁺ MHC-II⁺ CD103⁺ DCs (D) were assessed by FACS from lungs, and RNA was extracted. Lungs of 4 mice were pooled for each experiment. The data represent means and SEM of the results of at least 3 experiments. (E) Aldefluor expression was assessed by FACS. The data represent means and SEM (n = 8 mice/group; representative of the results of two experiments). *, P < 0.05; #, P < 0.001.