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. 2018 May 8;2018:4069032. doi: 10.1155/2018/4069032

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Copyright © 2018 Chang Liu et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Improved osteogenic differentiation of CIA under UC-MSC treatment may be related to inhibition of TNF-α. (a) The serum TNF-α level was significantly decreased in the UC-MSC group (n = 8 in each group). (b) Representative images showing ALP staining in CIA without or with TNF-α treatment. (c) ALP activity was significantly decreased in the TNF-α addition group. (d–i) The expression levels of osteogenic genes and protein levels of ALP and Osterix were significantly downregulated in the TNF-α addition group (n = 3 in each group). ^∗P < 0.05.