Table 2.
Descriptive data from the individual neuropsychological measures used to derive diagnoses of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND)
| Neuropsychological domains & measures | HAND+ (n = 85) | HAND– (n = 193) | HIV– (n = 181) | Group differences* | Demographics adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Attention domain | |||||
| WMS-III Digit Span | 47.6 (8.2) | 50.5 (8.9) | 53.6 (9.4) | H+ < H– < HIV– | Age |
| CVLT-II Trial 1 | 37.8 (11.6) | 47.6 (10.3) | 49.4 (13.6) | H + < H– = HIV– | Sex, Age |
| Executive Domain | |||||
| Tower of London Total Moves | 42.5 (11.9) | 52.0 (9.9) | 48.1 (10.7) | H+ < HIV– < H– | Age |
| Action (verb) Fluency | 40.3 (8.4) | 48.0 (8.9) | 47.1 (9.3) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Ed. |
| Trail Making Test Part B | 41.4 (11.8) | 52.3 (9.7) | 51.4 (10.8) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Race, Sex, Age, Ed. |
| Learning Domain | |||||
| CVLT-II Trial 1–5 | 43.4 (9.9) | 53.1 (9.3) | 54.6 (11.4) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Sex, Age |
| WMS-III Logical Memory I | 43.4 (11.1) | 53.3 (8.5) | 55.0 (11.5) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Age |
| Memory Domain | |||||
| WMS-III Logical Memory II | 44.5 (11) | 54.9 (9.1) | 57.2 (11.2) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Age |
| CVLT-II Long Delay Free Recall | 40.7 (12.8) | 50.2 (10.2) | 51.5 (10.7) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Sex, Age |
| Speed of Processing Domain | |||||
| Tower of London Total Execution Time | 40.2 (10.4) | 49.9 (7.6) | 47.2 (9.5) | H+ < HIV– < H– | Age |
| Trail Making Test Part A | 43.9 (10) | 52.2 (9.5) | 52.2 (10) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Race, Sex, Age, Ed. |
| Motor Domain | |||||
| Grooved Peg Board (Dom) | 40.0 (9.9) | 50.0 (9.7) | 48.6 (10.3) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Race, Sex, Age, Ed. |
| Grooved Peg Board (Non Dom) | 40.1 (9.6) | 50.2 (9.7) | 48.9 (11.5) | H+ < H– = HIV– | Race, Sex, Age, Ed. |
Note: Data are presented as mean T-scores (standard deviation) for each study group. *All omnibus group differences accompanied by ps < .0001. WMS-III = Wechsler Memory Scale, 3rd edition; CVLT-II = California Verbal Learning Test, 2nd edition. Ed = education. H+ = HAND. H– = HAND–.