Table 6.

A synopsis of dermal filler studies.

Authors	Publication year	Patient no.	Level of evidence	Indication	Dermal filler	Cosmetic outcome	Adverse effects
Beer et al.	2007	16	2.d	Acne or varicella rolling and ice pick scars	Poly-L-lactic acid	46.4% cumulative reduction in scar severity	None identified
Sage et al.	2011	10	2.c	Various morphologic acne scar types	Collagen	3.05 mean improvement (3 = minimal, 4 = moderate improvement)	Pain, erythema, swelling, discolouration, bruising and lumpiness
Karnik et al.	2014	147	1.c	Rolling acne scars	PPMA	84% of scars improved (based on the Physician Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale score)	Pain, tenderness and swelling
Sapra et al.	2015	22	2.d	Rolling acne scars	Poly-L-lactic acid	63.6% of patients achieved a much to excellent improvement (score of ≤2 using a 4-point scale)	Nodule formation, eczema and hyperpigmentation
Goodman et al.	2016	5	2.d	Various morphologic acne scar types	Hyaluronic acid	Pre Tx mean score: 3.2; post Tx mean score: 2.6 (based on the quantitative global scarring grading system)	N/A