Table 3.

Test-Level Effect Size Statistics for the Comparison Between Applicants (Reference Group) and Incumbents (Focal Group).

	AOAA	1 Anchor	3 Anchors	5 Anchors	6 Anchors	7 Anchors
STDS	−0.22	−1.78	0.15	0.54	0.23	−0.03
UTDS	1.69	2.27	1.64	1.65	1.54	1.44
UETSDS	0.25	1.78	0.18	0.56	0.26	0.06
ETSSD	−0.02	−0.15	0.01	0.04	0.02	−0.00

Note. AOAA = all other items as anchors; 1-7 anchor(s) = one through seven items with the lowest X² values are used as anchor items; STDS = signed test difference in the sample; UTDS = unsigned test difference in the sample; UETSDS = unsigned expected test score difference in sample; ETSSD = expected test score standardized difference.