Table 1. Characteristics of the Oxford Biobank participants.
| Men (n=2119) | Women (n=2831) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 43 (37, 46) | 42 (37, 46) |
| Non-smokers, % (n) | 89.1 (1185) | 91.7 (2593) |
| Alcohol consumption,a% (n) | ||
| None | 0.9 (20) | 3.2 (89) |
| Moderate consumption | 86.6 (1835) | 88.5 (2505) |
| Heavy consumption | 12.5 (264) | 8.3 (236) |
| Physical activity, % (n) | ||
| Sedentary | 4.2 (89) | 4.3 (121) |
| Moderately active | 55.8 (1181) | 70.1 (1983) |
| Active | 40.0 (845) | 25.6 (724) |
| Anthropometry | ||
| Height (cm) | 179 (175, 183) | 165 (161, 170) |
| Weight (kg) | 83.9 (76.1, 93.5) | 66.7 (60.1, 75.8) |
| Body mass index (kg m−2) | 26.1 (23.8, 28.8) | 24.2 (21.9, 27.7) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 92 (85, 100) | 80 (73, 89) |
| Hip circumference (cm)* | 101 (97, 106) | 100 (95, 106) |
| Waist–hip ratio | 0.91 (0.87, 0.96) | 0.80 (0.76, 0.86) |
| DXA measurements | ||
| Android fat (kg) | 2.1 (1.4, 2.9) | 1.6 (1.1, 2.5) |
| Visceral fat (kg) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.6) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.6) |
| Abdominal subcutaneous fat (kg) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.4) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.8) |
| Arm fat (kg) | 2.2 (1.7, 2.8) | 2.6 (2.0, 3.3) |
| Gynoid fat (kg) | 3.3 (2.6, 4.1) | 4.3 (3.4, 5.4) |
| Leg fat (kg) | 6.0 (4.8, 7.5) | 8.5 (6.9, 10.7) |
| Total fat (kg) | 22.0 (16.9, 28.1) | 22.7 (17.6, 29.6) |
| Total lean body mass (kg) | 57.7 (53.5, 62.5) | 41.1 (37.9, 44.5) |
| Metabolic traits | ||
| Fasting glucose (mmol l−1) | 5.4 (5.1, 5.7) | 5.0 (4.8, 5.3) |
| Fasting insulin (mU l−1) | 12.3 (9.4, 16.4) | 10.7 (8.2, 14.2) |
| HOMA-IR | 2.9 (2.2, 4.0) | 2.4 (1.8, 3.2) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol l−1) | 5.2 (4.5, 5.9) | 5.0 (4.3, 5.6) |
| Triglycerides (mmol l−1) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.1) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol l−1) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol l−1) | 3.4 (2.8, 3.9) | 3.0 (2.5, 3.5) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 126 (119, 134) | 115 (107, 123) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79 (73, 85) | 72 (67, 79) |
| Mean arterial blood pressure (mmHg) | 94 (89, 101) | 86 (81, 93) |
Abbreviations: DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; HDL, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homoeostatic model assessment insulin resistance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Data presented as median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and percentage (frequency) for categorical variables.
a
Weekly alcohol consumption was categorised as: no alcohol intake, Moderate (<14 units for women, <21 units for men); Heavy (15–35 units for women, 22–50 units for men).