Smoothed associations between tooth Mn levels, averaged over each of four time periods, and child WRAVMA total score. Generalized additive models with penalized splines (constrained to 4 knots), adjusted for child sex, tooth Pb levels (centered at mean of distribution), maternal IQ, maternal education, and study cohort. Models use complete case method. (A) Second trimester, n=104, pGAM=0.18; (B) Third trimester, n=114, pGAM=0.50; (C) Birth to 6 months, n=114, pGAM=0.82; (D) Six to 12 months, n=56, pGAM=0.85.