Effects of TMZ chemotherapy on tumour uptake. 99 PET/CT scans showing positive tumour signal were divided into the following three groups according to chemotherapy treatment history: (i) no prior TMZ treatment (Group A, n = 28), (ii) TMZ treatment concluded >1 month before PET/CT (Group B, n = 30) and (iii) ongoing TMZ treatment (Group C, n = 41). Panel (a) shows significant differences of TBR between the three study groups; in particular, TBR is significantly higher in Group C than in Group B. Panel (b) shows significant differences of TBR in the subgroup of WHO Grade III astrocytic tumours (n = 37); in particular, both Group A and Group C showed higher TBR than Group B. Panel (c) shows no significant differences of SUVmax between study groups. In the figure, p-values refer to Turkey’s test for multiple comparisons and * indicates that differences between groups reached statistical significance (p < 0.05).