Table 2.
Participant characteristics
| Variable | N (%) OR Mean (SD) |
| Age, years | 68.1 (9.2) |
| Female, n (%) | 82 (54.3) |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| White | 47 (31.1) |
| Chinese | 15 (9.9) |
| Black | 42 (27.8) |
| Hispanic | 47 (31.1) |
| Smoking status | |
| Never | 77 (51.0) |
| Former | 57 (37.7) |
| Current | 17 (11.3) |
| Body mass index (kg m–2) | 27.5 (4.8) |
| Total cholesterol (mg dl–1) | 199.5 (41.8) |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg dl–1) | 53.7 (16.5) |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg dl–1) | 121.4 (36.9) |
| Triglycerides (mg dl–1) | 128.7 (82.2) |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml min–1/1.73 m2) | 76.8 (18.5) |
| Intentional exercise (MET-hours/week) | 24.8 (34.4) |
| C-reactive protein (mg l–1) | 3.52 (3.7) |
| Interleukin-6 (pg ml–1) | 1.76 (1.1) |
| D-dimer (µg l–1) | 0.44 (0.55) |
| Fibrinogen (mg dl–1) | 362.5 (73.8) |
| American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Cardiovascular Risk Score (%) | 20.4 (16.5) |
| CAC Score [ln (Agatston + 1)] | 3.48 (2.62) |
| Common carotid artery intima-media thickness (microns) | 866.1 (210.4) |
| GLDS contrast (unitless) | 121.3 (42.6) |
| GSM (unitless) | 56.8 (22.4) |
CAC, coronary artery calcium; GLDS, grey level difference statistics; GSM, greyscale median; SD,standard deviation.