Table 1.
AUC values and DRS for different pathogens. Figures in round brackets show the CI 95% (2,000 bootstrap replicates).
| n | AUC | Sensitivity | Specificity | DRS | P -value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients | ||||||
| Rotavirus | 53 | — | — | — | — | |
| EAEC | 18 | 68.7 (54.0-83.3) | 69.8 (56.6–81.1) | 66.7 (44.4–88.9) | −6.76 | 2.160 × 10–2 |
| EPEC | 10 | 78.6 (66.1–90.9) | 60.4 (47.2–73.6) | 90.0 (70.0–100.0) | −7.74 | 8.879 × 10−3 |
| DAEC | 21 | 73.6 (61.7–85.5) | 67.9 (54.7–81.1) | 76.2 (57.1–90.5) | −7.21 | 2.494 × 10−3* |
| Salmonella | 36 | 80.8 (71.9–89.6) | 67.9 (54.7–79.2) | 83.3 (69.4–94.4) | −7.41 | 6.927 × 10−7* |
| Shigella | 36 | 89.0 (82.5–95.6) | 69.8 (56.6–83.0) | 100.0 (100.0–100.0) | −6.88 | 3.140 × 10−12* |
| All Bacteria | 121 | 80.0 (72.6–87.4) | 67.9 (54.7–79.2) | 84.3 (77.7–90.1) | −7.41 | 6.944 × 10−11* |
| Severe & Moderate | ||||||
| Rotavirus | 19 | — | — | — | — | |
| EAEC | 6 | 58.8 (28.4–89.2) | 79.0 (57.9–94.7) | 33.3 (0.0–66.7) | −6.25 | 6.102 × 10−1 |
| EPEC | 3 | 84.2 (52.3–100.0) | 100.0 (100.0–100.0) | 66.7 (0.0–100.0) | −4.37 | 1.780 × 10−1 |
| DAEC | 6 | 86.0 (66.6–100.0) | 89.5 (73.7–100.0) | 66.7 (33.3–100.0) | −5.80 | 4.057 × 10−2 |
| Salmonella | 12 | 83.3 (69.0–97.6) | 68.4 (47.4–89.5) | 83.3 (58.3–100.0) | −7.41 | 5.879 × 10−3* |
| Shigella | 22 | 93.5 (86.6–100.0) | 73.7 (52.6–94.7) | 100.0 (100.0–100.0) | −6.75 | 2.219 × 10−7* |
| All bacteria | 49 | 85.3 (75.7–94.9) | 79.0 (57.9–94.7) | 77.6 (65.3–87.8) | −6.40 | 2.126 × 10−6* |
| Mild | ||||||
| Rotavirus | 34 | — | — | — | — | — |
| EAEC | 12 | 73.5 (57.6–89.5) | 67.7 (47.1–82.4) | 75.0 (0.5–100.0) | −6.76 | 1.818 × 10−2 |
| EPEC | 7 | 74.8 (59.3–90.3) | 67.7 (47.1–82.4) | 100.0 (100.0–100.0) | −7.57 | 4.668 × 10−2 |
| DAEC | 15 | 69.0 (53.9–84.2) | 64.7 (47.1–79.4) | 80.0 (60.0–100.0) | −7.78 | 3.601 × 10−2 |
| Salmonella | 24 | 80.0 (68.6–91.4) | 67.7 (53.0–82.4) | 66.7 (83.3–95.8) | −7.55 | 4.698 × 10−5* |
| Shigella | 14 | 84.2 (73.4–95.1) | 67.7 (52.9–82.4) | 100.0 (100.0–100.0) | −6.88 | 1.157 × 10−5* |
| All bacteria | 72 | 77.0 (66.5–87.4) | 67.7 (50.0–82.4) | 86.1 (77.8–93.1) | −7.57 | 8.154 × 10−6* |
P-values evaluate the significance of the difference between bacterial pathogen vs. viral infection under a t-test; an asterisk. (*) indicates those values surpassing a Bonferroni correction for multiple tests. Note that the reference viral pathogen in our study is rotavirus (for which there is only very little information available in the literature; e.g.43).