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. 2018 Mar 21;31(6):1401–1434. doi: 10.1007/s11145-018-9839-4

Table 4.

Post-hoc analysis of mean differences by teaching area

Factor Differences 95% Confidence intervals
Source literacy
 History versus ELA 0.18 [− 0.016, 0.366]
 Math versus ELA − 1.21*** [− 1.424, − 0.987]
 Science versus ELA − 0.04 [− 0.206, 0.137]
 Math versus History − 1.38*** [− 1.625, − 1.136]
 Science versus History − 0.21* [− 0.413, 0.007]
 Science versus Math 1.17*** [0.942, 1.400]
Analytic literacy
 ELA versus Math − 0.74*** [− 0.920, − 0.567]
 ELA versus Science − 0.70*** [− 0.837, − 0.560]
 ELA versus History − 0.39*** [− 0.514, − 0.206]
 Math versus Science 0.05 [− 0.140, 0.230]
 Math versus History 0.38*** [0.186, 0.581]
 Science versus History 0.34*** [0.175, 0.503]
Expressive literacy
 ELA versus Math 1.73*** [1.524, 1.942]
 ELA versus Science 1.22*** [1.052, 1.379]
 ELA versus History 0.83*** [0.644, 1.010]
 Math versus Science − 0.52*** [− 0.738, − 0.299]
 Math versus History − 0.91*** [− 1.140, − 0.672]
 Science versus History − 0.39*** [− 0.583, − 0.194]

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

aAll differences and confidence intervals were conducted with the Dunnett (1980) modified Tukey–Kramer test