Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Cognitive decline analysis N=3,257 |
Incident dementia analysis N=4,841 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Microbleeds absent n=2,780 |
Microbleeds present n=477 |
Microbleeds absent n=3,911 |
Microbleeds absent n=930 |
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| Age, years | 59.0 (7.6) | 62.8 (8.5) | 62.4 (10.4) | 69.8 (71.7) |
| Women | 1530 (55.0) | 252 (52.8) | 2171 (55.5) | 492 (52.9) |
| Education level | ||||
| Primary education | 207 (7.4) | 37 (7.8) | 339 (8.7) | 97 (10.4) |
| Lower/intermediate general education | 995 (35.8) | 193 (40.9) | 1431 (36.6) | 361 (38.8) |
| Intermediate vocational education | 828 (29.8) | 132 (28.0) | 1180 (30.2) | 280 (30.1) |
| Higher vocational education | 728 (26.2) | 110 (23.1) | 930 (23.8) | 185 (19.9) |
| Hypertension | 1446 (52.0) | 297 (62.3) | 2304 (58.9) | 678 (72.9) |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.6 (1.0) | 5.6 (1.1) | 5.6 (1.0) | 5.4 (1.1) |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.4) |
| Smoking | 1900 (68.3) | 351 (73.6) | 2706 (69.2) | 678 (72.9) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 210 (7.6) | 37 (7.8) | 330 (8.4) | 98 (10.5) |
| APOE ε4 carriers | 735 (28.2) | 141 (31.4) | 884 (28.6) | 233 (32.0) |
| Lipid-lowering medication | 585 (21.0) | 108 (22.6) | 900 (23.0) | 287 (30.9) |
| Antithrombotic medication | 511 (18.4) | 152 (31.9) | 945 (24.2) | 425 (45.7) |
| Lacunes | 103 (3.7) | 46 (9.6) | 213 (5.4) | 143 (15.4) |
| Intracranial volume, ml | 1126.4 (120.4) | 1126.8 (116.8) | 1123.6 (121.8) | 1127.6 (119.2) |
| White matter lesions volume, ml (median [IQR])* | 2.2 (1.4–3.8) | 3.1 (1.8–5.9) | 2.6 (1.5–4.9) | 5.0 (2.4–11.9) |
Values represent mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables and number (percentage) for categorical variables. The following variables had missing values: education level (n=27), hypertension (n=22), total cholesterol (n=29), HDL cholesterol (n=31), smoking (n=13), diabetes mellitus (n=51), APOE genotype (n=202), lipid-lowering medication (n=27).
*
Calculated in 3,130 participants with reliable white matter lesion volume segmentations.