Table 2.
The effects of nations reaching the highest level for MPOWER policies*
| Country | Year of meeting highest level |
Income status |
Smoking rate males (%) |
Smoking rate females (%) |
Total (male and female) number of smokers affected |
Long-term effect size (%) |
Reduction in the smoking-attributable deaths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barbados | 2010 | HIC | 14.2 | 1.6 | 17 778 | −5.3 | 384.92 |
| Burkina Faso | 2010 | LIC | 23.6 | 11.1 | 1 567 539 | −0.6 | 4167 |
| Chad | 2010 | LIC | 17.4 | 2.9 | 554 625 | −0.8 | 1793 |
| Colombia | 2010 | MIC | 19.5 | 7.4 | 4 360 121 | −8.3 | 148 442 |
| Greece | 2010 | HIC | 48.2 | 35.1 | 3 827 004 | −3.3 | 51 315 |
| Guatemala | 2010 | MIC | 23.9 | 3.4 | 1 140 209 | −2.2 | 10 054 |
| Honduras | 2010 | MIC | 24.8 | 2.3 | 697 460 | −4.2 | 12 119 |
| Libya | 2010 | MIC | 32.0 | 1.5 | 759 198 | −2.4 | 7352 |
| Malta | 2010 | HIC | 34.6 | 20.9 | 95 293 | −0.8 | 310 |
| Namibia | 2010 | MIC | 20.9 | 5.3 | 185 720 | −6.0 | 4586 |
| Nauru | 2010 | LIC | 49.7 | 56.0 | 3302 | −5.2 | 70 |
| Pakistan | 2010 | LIC | 32.4 | 5.7 | 23 486 870 | −0.4 | 35 014 |
| Panama | 2010 | MIC | 17.3 | 3.7 | 259 975 | −8.5 | 9100 |
| Peru | 2010 | MIC | 23.3 | 7.3 | 3 158 190 | −7.0 | 91 250 |
| Seychelles | 2010 | MIC | 35.5 | 7.0 | 14 990 | −9.7 | 594 |
| Spain | 2010 | HIC | 35.3 | 23.9 | 11 696 404 | −3.5 | 168 070 |
| Thailand | 2010 | MIC | 41.7 | 1.9 | 11 435 114 | −4.1 | 193 863 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 2010 | HIC | 36.5 | 7.3 | 218 082 | −6.2 | 5502 |
| Turkey | 2010 | MIC | 51.9 | 17.3 | 20 042 442 | −6.9 | 564 554 |
| Argentina | 2012 | MIC | 32.4 | 22.4 | 8 081 980 | −7.7 | 255 217 |
| Brazil | 2012 | MIC | 21.6 | 13.1 | 24 366 963 | −10.1 | 1 005 852 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 2012 | HIC | 31.8 | 2.9 | 52 744 | −3.6 | 768 |
| Bulgaria | 2012 | MIC | 50.3 | 28.2 | 2 536 885 | −7.6 | 79 015 |
| Congo | 2012 | MIC | 13.0 | 1.3 | 164 509 | −3.7 | 2494 |
| Costa Rica | 2012 | MIC | 18.0 | 8.6 | 447 159 | −5.3 | 9704 |
| Ecuador | 2012 | MIC | 36.3 | 8.2 | 2 085 893 | −6.2 | 52 982 |
| Lebanon | 2012 | MIC | 43.2 | 33.8 | 1 147 973 | −6.9 | 32 333 |
| Mongolia | 2012 | MIC | 48.0 | 6.9 | 543 490 | −7.1 | 15 897 |
| Nepal | 2012 | LIC | 35.5 | 15.9 | 4 637 859 | −2.1 | 40 450 |
| West Bank Gaza Strip | 2012 | MIC | 37.6 | 2.6 | 493 130 | −3.5 | 7016 |
| Papua New Guinea | 2012 | MIC | 60.3 | 27.0 | 1 725 386 | −1.1 | 7953 |
| Venezuela | 2012 | MIC | 25.2 | 13.9 | 3 849 971 | −9.2 | 145 413 |
| Bhutan | 2012 | MIC | 8.4 | 4.7 | 33 898 | −0.4 | 53 |
| Saudi Arabia | 2012 | MIC | 35.0 | 5.7 | 4 327 936 | −5.3 | 94 423 |
| Madagascar | 2014 | LIC | 28.5 | 0.8 | 1 851 590 | −2.5 | 18 786 |
| Algeria | 2014 | MIC | 27.1 | 1.7 | 3 912 141 | −7.2 | 115 496 |
| Russian Federation | 2014 | MIC | 53.3 | 16.1 | 40 021 782 | −12.0 | 1 966 933 |
| Jamaica | 2014 | MIC | 22.9 | 7.5 | 309 865 | −10.0 | 12 765 |
| Chile | 2014 | MIC | 37.0 | 31.0 | 4 653 312 | −12.3 | 234 793 |
| Suriname | 2014 | MIC | 38.4 | 9.9 | 91 785 | −11.6 | 4369 |
| Israel | 2010 | HIC | 29.0 | 17.7 | 1 260 990 | −5.4 | 27 845 |
| Turkey | 2010 | MIC | 51.9 | 17.3 | 20 042 442 | −6.3 | 518 646 |
| United Arab Emirates | 2010 | HIC | 28.1 | 2.4 | 869 701 | −2.3 | 8166 |
| Denmark | 2012 | HIC | 24.7 | 24.0 | 1 083 898 | −2.7 | 11 961 |
| Kuwait | 2012 | HIC | 38.3 | 2.3 | 573 229 | −2.2 | 5262 |
| Panama | 2012 | MIC | 17.3 | 3.7 | 256 897 | −2.1 | 2203 |
| USA | 2012 | HIC | 21.5 | 17.3 | 47 473 906 | −1.9 | 370 339 |
| Canada | 2012 | HIC | 19.7 | 13.8 | 4 762 087 | −2.8 | 54 087 |
| El Salvador | 2012 | MIC | 21.5 | 2.4 | 471 241 | −3.9 | 7554 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 2014 | HIC | 32.8 | 3.7 | 57 488 | −2.4 | 567 |
| Malta | 2014 | HIC | 31.7 | 22.2 | 94 539 | −1.8 | 679 |
| Netherlands | 2014 | HIC | 27.0 | 25.0 | 3 612 517 | −2.8 | 40 953 |
| Mexico | 2014 | MIC | 31.0 | 9.9 | 17 580 942 | −5.4 | 390 032 |
| Argentina | 2014 | MIC | 29.4 | 15.6 | 6 973 994 | −2.0 | 57 442 |
| Egypt | 2010 | MIC | 34.6 | 0.7 | 9 830 298 | −5.0 | 201 521 |
| Iran (Islamic Rep of) | 2010 | MIC | 23.2 | 1.1 | 7 264 822 | −7.5 | 223 393 |
| Malaysia | 2010 | MIC | 46.5 | 3.0 | 5 049 124 | −7.5 | 155 261 |
| Mauritius | 2010 | MIC | 35.9 | 5.1 | 204 946 | −7.5 | 6302 |
| Mexico | 2010 | MIC | 30.4 | 9.5 | 15 944 254 | −7.5 | 490 286 |
| Peru | 2010 | MIC | 29.4 | 9.4 | 4 005 220 | −7.5 | 123 161 |
| Argentina | 2012 | MIC | 32.4 | 22.4 | 8 081 980 | −6.0 | 198 817 |
| Bolivia | 2012 | MIC | 37.4 | 17.2 | 1 684 462 | −6.0 | 41 438 |
| Canada | 2012 | HIC | 19.7 | 13.8 | 4 607 458 | −2.0 | 37 781 |
| Ecuador | 2012 | MIC | 36.3 | 8.2 | 2 085 893 | −4.0 | 34 209 |
| El Salvador | 2012 | MIC | 21.5 | 2.4 | 557 739 | −6.0 | 13 720 |
| Madagascar | 2012 | LIC | 28.5 | 0.8 | 1 771 575 | −4.0 | 29 054 |
| Mongolia | 2012 | MIC | 48.0 | 6.9 | 543 490 | −4.0 | 8913 |
| Nepal | 2012 | LIC | 35.5 | 15.9 | 4 637 859 | −6.0 | 114 091 |
| Niger | 2012 | LIC | 8.7 | 1.0 | 394 489 | −6.0 | 9704 |
| Seychelles | 2012 | MIC | 37.2 | 6.3 | 13 601 | −6.0 | 335 |
| Sri Lanka | 2012 | MIC | 29.9 | 0.4 | 2 236 746 | −8.0 | 73 365 |
| Turkey | 2012 | MIC | 47.9 | 15.2 | 17 719 227 | −4.0 | 290 595 |
| Ukraine | 2012 | MIC | 50.0 | 11.3 | 11 285 109 | −6.0 | 277 614 |
| Singapore | 2012 | HIC | 27.9 | 5.0 | 680 766 | −2.0 | 5582 |
| Djibouti | 2012 | MIC | 41.1 | 9.2 | 138 205 | −6.0 | 3400 |
| Namibia | 2014 | MIC | 20.9 | 5.3 | 182 477 | −8.0 | 5985 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 2014 | HIC | 33.5 | 9.4 | 225 863 | −4.0 | 3704 |
| Philippines | 2014 | MIC | 47.6 | 9.0 | 18 249 801 | −8.0 | 598 593 |
| Jamaica | 2014 | MIC | 22.1 | 7.2 | 298 645 | −6.0 | 7347 |
| Turkmenistan | 2014 | MIC | 15.5 | 0.6 | 289 728 | −8.0 | 9503 |
| Bangladesh | 2014 | LIC | 54.8 | 1.3 | 30 198 764 | −6.0 | 742 890 |
| Fiji | 2014 | MIC | 47.0 | 14.3 | 191 916 | −8.0 | 6295 |
| Samoa | 2014 | MIC | 34.9 | 15.3 | 29 710 | −8.0 | 974 |
| Solomon Islands | 2014 | LIC | 56.1 | 26.1 | 134 717 | −8.0 | 4419 |
| Vanuatu | 2014 | MIC | 62.3 | 20.2 | 63 517 | −8.0 | 2083 |
| Costa Rica | 2014 | MIC | 18.6 | 8.5 | 480 467 | −8.0 | 15 759 |
| Viet Nam | 2014 | LIC | 47.4 | 1.4 | 16 496 877 | −6.0 | 405 823 |
| Chad | 2010 | LIC | 17.4 | 2.9 | 554 625 | −4.6 | 10 375 |
| Colombia | 2010 | MIC | 19.5 | 7.4 | 4 360 121 | −10.0 | 178 765 |
| Panama | 2010 | MIC | 17.3 | 3.7 | 259 975 | −12.5 | 13 324 |
| Bahrain | 2012 | HIC | 33.4 | 7.0 | 133 668 | −5.1 | 2814 |
| Brazil | 2012 | MIC | 21.6 | 13.1 | 24 366 963 | −3.4 | 337 677 |
| Ghana | 2012 | MIC | 8.2 | 0.4 | 677 277 | −5.2 | 14 440 |
| Libya | 2012 | MIC | 49.6 | 0.8 | 1 189 377 | −9.0 | 43 742 |
| Maldives | 2012 | MIC | 34.7 | 3.4 | 43 368 | −2.0 | 347 |
| Mauritius | 2012 | MIC | 40.3 | 3.7 | 216 524 | −8.5 | 7501 |
| Spain | 2012 | HIC | 35.3 | 24.6 | 11 305 599 | −3.0 | 138 595 |
| Togo | 2012 | LIC | 12.4 | 1.8 | 284 880 | −6.5 | 7592 |
| Turkey | 2012 | MIC | 47.9 | 15.2 | 17 719 227 | −13.0 | 944 435 |
| Tuvalu | 2012 | MIC | 54.6 | 22.7 | 3256 | −12.4 | 165 |
| Vanuatu | 2012 | MIC | 62.3 | 20.2 | 60 848 | −9.0 | 2254 |
| Guinea | 2012 | LIC | 23.2 | 2.0 | 780 522 | −1.7 | 5408 |
| Suriname | 2014 | MIC | 38.4 | 9.9 | 91 785 | −9.8 | 3669 |
| Russian Federation | 2014 | MIC | 53.3 | 16.1 | 40 021 782 | −10.4 | 1 706 529 |
| Kiribati | 2014 | MIC | 74.1 | 43.1 | 39 692 | −9.8 | 1587 |
| Uruguay | 2014 | MIC | 30.7 | 19.8 | 661 202 | −9.4 | 25 374 |
| United Arab Emirates | 2014 | HIC | 28.1 | 2.4 | 1 736 395 | −2.9 | 20 361 |
| Yemen | 2014 | LIC | 27.4 | 10.3 | 2 748 789 | −5.6 | 63 000 |
| Nepal | 2014 | LIC | 51.9 | 13.3 | 5 590 684 | −10.4 | 238 387 |
| Greece | 2010 | HIC | 48.2 | 35.1 | 3 827 004 | −1.1 | 17 182 |
| Hungary | 2010 | MIC | 40.5 | 27.9 | 2 886 051 | −7.1 | 54 741 |
| Israel | 2010 | HIC | 29.0 | 17.7 | 1 260 990 | −12.2 | 63 275 |
| Latvia | 2010 | MIC | 50.6 | 23.7 | 685 437 | −40.6 | 74 204 |
| Lithuania | 2010 | MIC | 48.4 | 20.1 | 1 012 629 | −21.4 | 57 632 |
| Madagascar | 2010 | LIC | 27.3 | 1.8 | 1 795 249 | −11.3 | 54 133 |
| Slovenia | 2010 | HIC | 29.0 | 21.9 | 438 439 | −4.4 | 7869 |
| Turkey | 2010 | MIC | 51.9 | 17.3 | 20 042 442 | −19.6 | 1 048 028 |
| Cyprus | 2012 | HIC | 43.9 | 16.9 | 211 978 | −19.6 | 17 022 |
| Denmark | 2012 | HIC | 24.7 | 24.0 | 1 083 898 | −3.5 | 15 517 |
| Montenegro | 2012 | MIC | 36.7 | 29.0 | 158 145 | −19.3 | 8144 |
| West Bank Gaza Strip | 2012 | MIC | 37.6 | 2.6 | 493 130 | −19.1 | 25 077 |
| Serbia | 2012 | MIC | 42.1 | 42.1 | 3 402 049 | −31.4 | 284 301 |
| Seychelles | 2014 | MIC | 37.2 | 6.3 | 16 059 | −16.3 | 696 |
| Bangladesh | 2014 | LIC | 54.8 | 1.3 | 30 198 764 | −31.7 | 2 554 257 |
| Romania | 2014 | MIC | 37.4 | 16.7 | 4 473 681 | −13.3 | 159 082 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2014 | MIC | 46.9 | 34.5 | 1 332 912 | −20.9 | 74 313 |
| Croatia | 2014 | MIC | 40.9 | 34.0 | 1 352 633 | −11.7 | 42 243 |
| New Zealand | 2014 | HIC | 19.4 | 17.5 | 649 255 | −10.9 | 29 009 |
| Kiribati | 2014 | MIC | 74.1 | 43.1 | 15 302 | −14.0 | 571 |
*
Estimated using the Abridged SimSmoke and data from MPOWER Reports.
HIC, high-income country; LIC, low-income country; MIC, middle-income country.