Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2018 Mar 8;5:18001. doi: 10.1038/hgv.2018.1

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2018 The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

PMC Copyright notice

Effect of the SMAD9 mutation on downstream pathway protein phosphorylated SMAD4. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the localization and expression of p-SMAD4 in both control (a, b, c) and lesion (d, e, f) tissue. Similar to SMAD9 staining, there was prominent expression of p-SMAD4 in control tissue (a) that co-localized (arrows) to vascular structures identified by lectin staining of the endothelium (b) and Hoechst nuclear counterstaining (c). Decreased expression of p-SMAD4 was observed in arteriovenous malformation tissue, and its expression appeared to be dissociated from vascular structures.